7 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have +過去分詞

1) may(might) have + done sth， can (could) have + done sth表示過去，推測(cè)過去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情。

Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.

Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.

2)must have +done sth，對(duì)過去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，具有“肯定”，“諒必”的意思。

- Linda has gone to work， but her bicycle is still here.

-She must have gone by bus.

3) ought to have done sth， should have done sth

本應(yīng)該做某事，而事實(shí)上并沒有做。否定句表示“不該做某事而做了”。

You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment.

He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.(事實(shí)上已扔了。)

ought to 在語(yǔ)氣上比should 要強(qiáng)。

4) needn’t have done sth 本沒必要做某事

I dressed very warmly for the trip，but I needn’t have done so. The weather was hot.

5) would like to have done sth 本打算做某事

I would like to have read the article，but I was very busy then.

8 should 和ought to

should 和ought to 都為“應(yīng)該”的意思，可用于各種人稱。

-Ought he to go?

-Yes. I think he ought to.

表示要求，命令時(shí)，語(yǔ)氣由 should(應(yīng)該)、had better最好)、must(必須)漸強(qiáng)。