中國人輕松學(xué)英語常用語法(5)
第五章 未來式
5§1 未來式的基本規(guī)則
如果我們在句子中，有需要提到未來的事情，就可以使用未來式，舉例來說，以下的句子都用未來式。
I will go to America tomorrow.
He will dance tonight.
Peter will finish his work next month.
如果不用〝will〞，我們可以用〝verb to be +going to+ verb〞，will+動(dòng)詞原形如果我們?nèi)绱俗觯陨系娜齻€(gè)句子就變成了以下的句子
I am going to go to America tomorrow.
He is going to dance tonight.
Peter is going to finish his work next month.
以下是一些未來式的例子：
1. I will call you tonight.
I am going to call you tonight.
2. He will graduate next June.
He is going to graduate next June.
3. Mr. Lee will teach us English soon.
Mr. Lee is going to teach us English soon.
4. He will help you.
He is going to help you.
5. The war will break out soon.
The war is going to break out soon.
6. It will rain tonight.
It is going to rain tonight.
有一個(gè)規(guī)則必須注意，就是will是一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，現(xiàn)在式第三人稱單數(shù)的主詞，仍不用在will后面加s。
不僅如此，will后面的動(dòng)詞必須用成原式，如果用verb to be +going to+ verb這里面的verb也必須用原式。
因?yàn)檫@里面的to式infinitive，infinitive里面永遠(yuǎn)要用原型動(dòng)詞。
以下例子都是錯(cuò)的
1.＊He wills go to school.
2.＊He will goes to school.
3.＊They will went to work tomorrow.
4.＊Tom is going to saw me tonight.
5.＊Peter is going to working next month.
未來式常和別的句子用在一起，以下是典型的例子
1. When you come tomorrow, I will already be in Taipei.
2. After I graduate, I am going to be a good doctor in Africa.
3. Before I leave tomorrow, I will finish my work.
4. After the war is over, every one will be happy.
5. I will go to a concert after my classes are over.
6. I will eat lunch as soon as I have time.
但千萬不可寫出以下錯(cuò)誤的句子：
＊When you will come tomorrow, I will already be in Taipei.
＊After the war will be over, every one will be happy.
＊I will eat lunch as soon as I will have time.
【練習(xí)十八】
將以下的中文句子翻成英文句子，用will或to be going to：
1. 我明天要上教堂（go to church）。
2. 他下周一要和我見面。
3. 他明天要整理這個(gè)房間（clean this room）。
4. 我明天吃晚飯后要去臺(tái)北。
5. 我明天晚上回家以后，就打電話給你。
6. 我畢業(yè)以后會(huì)去念法律。
7. 明天你走以后，我要看電視.。
8. 明天我會(huì)去臺(tái)南。
9. 今天晚上我要寫一封信給你。
10. 今晚，我要等我的哥哥。
【練習(xí)十九】
填充：
1.I(be) in America next year, after I(graduate).
2.I(explain) this to you tonight after I(read) the report.
3.I(see) you tonight.
4.As soon as you(come) to see me, I(give) you my book.
5.When you(arrive) in New York tomorrow, Tom(be) in the airport to meet you.
6.I(go) to church after the rain stops.
7.I(watch) the new TV program after you(leave).
8.When you(get) here tomorrow, everyone(wait) for you.
9.I(get) a job as soon as I get out of college.
10. He________ (have) dinner very late tomorrow.
11. I________ (quit) my present job, after I________ (find) a better one.
5§2 未來式的變形
未來式可以和進(jìn)行式合起來用，以下是未來進(jìn)行式的例子
I will be watching TV tomorrow at eight.
He will be eating a big dinner after he gets out of the hospital.
I will be studying mathematics at home when you come.
Two days later, I will be driving a new car.
未來式可以和完成式合在一起用，而成為未來完成式，這種句子都是在于強(qiáng)調(diào)未來要完成的事。舉例來說，”我明天六點(diǎn)以前，我會(huì)完成這工作了”，就可以用未來完成式：
I will have finished this work by six o’clock tomorrow.
以下是一些未來完成式的例子
By the time he arrives at the station, the train will have left.
We will have had three meetings before six o’clock tonight.
He will have written six novels next summer.
【練習(xí)二十】
填充：（用未來進(jìn)行式或未來完成式）
1.I(watch) the baseball game tomorrow night.
2.He(finish) the report when you arrive at his home.
3.I(wash) my car tonight when my mother comes.
4.They(play) their violins when the clock strikes twelve.
5.He(complete) writing this program before ten o’clock tonight.
6.He(be) the president for three years next May.
7.I(wash) my car when you come tonight.
8.I(read) this report before six o’clock tomorrow evening.
9.Peter(dance) in the streets if Mr. Robertson is elected president.
10. I(drive) four hundred miles tomorrow.
【練習(xí)二十一】
將以下中文句子譯成英文
1. 彼得生于1965年，他從小就喜歡音樂，自從1975年起，他就一直在練習(xí)小提琴?，F(xiàn)在他是一個(gè)很好的小提琴家。
2. 我的哥哥明天會(huì)來看我，他來的時(shí)候，我會(huì)在家里看電視。我喜歡看有關(guān)醫(yī)院的節(jié)目。
3. 在我小的時(shí)候我常常喜歡打籃球，現(xiàn)在我不打籃球了，因?yàn)槲以幸淮诬嚨湥╟ar accident）。
4. 我現(xiàn)在在打電話給我的母親，我的母親現(xiàn)在88歲，他在臺(tái)北已經(jīng)住了60年。
5. 在我去美國以前，我曾經(jīng)去過英國，當(dāng)我在英國的時(shí)候，我碰見了一個(gè)美麗的女孩子，他后來成為我的太太。
【練習(xí)二十二】
填充
1.I(watching) TV now. I(watch) TV every day.
2.He(have) a big dinner before we arrived last night. It(be) a good meal. He seldom(eat) so much.
3.He(work) on this novel for a very long time. By the time he(finish) it, he(written) six novels.
4.I (be) to America several times. I (go) to America again next year.
5.I(live) in Taipei when I was a child. When I was six years old, I(move) to Taiwan and(live) there ever since.
6.He(be) an honest person all his life. That is why so many people(like) him.
7.It(be) my birthday tomorrow. Yet I(have) a test the day after tomorrow. So I(study) in the library tomorrow night.
8.He(be) a strong kid when he was young. Now although he(be) seventy years old, he(be) still quite healthy.
9.I(have) this car for nine years. I(sell) it and(buy) a new one next year.
10. He(take) a bath every morning. Today, since he(get) up very late, he(go) to school directly without taking a bath.
