or與and比較:
1) 并列結(jié)構(gòu)中,or通常用于否定句,and用于肯定句。
2) 但有時(shí)and 也可用于否定句。請(qǐng)注意其不同特點(diǎn):
There is no air or water in the moon.
There is no air and no water on the moon.
在否定中并列結(jié)構(gòu)用or 連接,但含有兩個(gè)否定詞的句子實(shí)際被看作是肯定結(jié)構(gòu),因此要用and.
典型例題
——I don’t like chicken ___ fish.
——I don’t like chicken, ___ I like fish very much.
A. and; and B. and; butC. or; butD. or;and
答案C.否定句中表并列用or, but 表轉(zhuǎn)折。
判斷改錯(cuò):
(錯(cuò)) We will die without air and water.
(錯(cuò)) We can’t live without air or water.
(對(duì)) We will die without air or water.
(對(duì)) We can’t live without air and water.
so與such比較:
其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞,修飾名詞或名詞詞組,so是副詞,只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many,few,much, little連用,形成固定搭配。
so + adj.such + a(n) + n.
so + adj. + a(n) + n.such + n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. [不可數(shù)]such +n. [不可數(shù)]
so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so many/ few flowers such nice flowers
so much/little money.such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people
so many 已成固定搭配,a lot of 雖相當(dāng)于 many,但 a lot of 為名詞性的,只能用such搭配。
so…that與such…that之間的轉(zhuǎn)換既為 so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。