A.非真實(shí)條件句 (if引導(dǎo));
That is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
B. “建議”、“命令”類從句(should);
……h(huán)e always insisted that it should be written out in full.
C. Wish等特殊詞匯引導(dǎo)的從句。
Two men who recently spent five days on a coral island wished they had stayed there longer.
與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)
與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)
表示對(duì)將來(lái)不大可能發(fā)生的事情的假想
與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)
if …did/were …, … should/would/could +do
與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)
if …h(huán)ad done …, … would have done …
表示對(duì)將來(lái)不大可能發(fā)生的事情的假想
if …did/should do/were to do …, … Should(would，could，might)+ do …
If he were to go tomorrow, he might tell you. (萬(wàn)一……)
要是我明天見(jiàn)到布什，我就會(huì)問(wèn)他這件事的。
If I were to meet Bush tomorrow, I should ask him about it.
Were I to meet Bush tomorrow，I should ask him about it.
如果我去年有了這筆錢，我就買那所房子了。
If I had obtained the money last year, I would have bought the house.
Had I obtained the money last year, I would have bought the house.
假如鍋爐出問(wèn)題的話，自控裝置會(huì)自動(dòng)切斷燃油的供給。
If there should be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply.
Should there be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply.
助動(dòng)詞!(不包括行為動(dòng)詞 )
If I were you, I wouldn’t get married so early. (Were I you?)
If I had one billion RMB, I would never get married. (Had I ?)
如果當(dāng)時(shí)氣候更適宜一些，如今莊稼會(huì)長(zhǎng)得更好。(從句指過(guò)去，主句指現(xiàn)在)
If the weather had been more favorable, (+……would have done……)
If ……did……， the crop would be growing still better.
If the weather had been more favorable, the crop would be growing still better.
假設(shè)的情況通過(guò)一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)或其他方式表示。
常用的詞或短語(yǔ)有：without, but for, but that, otherwise, or, but 等.
Without your help (=If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded.
要是沒(méi)有你的幫助，我們就不會(huì)成功的。
But for electricity (= If there were no electricity), there would be no modern industry.
要是沒(méi)有電，就不會(huì)有現(xiàn)代工業(yè)。
He felt very tired yesterday (fact), or /otherwise he would have attended the party.
If he had not felt very tired yesterday, he would have attended the party.
他昨天太累了，否則他就來(lái)參加會(huì)議了。(也可以理解為錯(cuò)綜條件從句)
形式通常為：
…lest (in case, for fear that) + sb + should + do
Lest, for fear that 句中的 should 可以省去， in case 句中的 should 通常不省去，
in case 句中可以不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Lest, for fear that后面也可以接其他形式。
He took his coat with him in case it should rain.
他帶著雨衣以防下雨。
I will not make a noise for fear that I (should/ might) disturb you.
我不會(huì)做聲的，以免打擾你。
I obeyed her lest she should be angry.
我得順著她，免得她生氣。
賓語(yǔ)從句
主語(yǔ)從句
表語(yǔ)從句
同位語(yǔ)從句
表示建議、命令和要求的動(dòng)詞
advise 勸告 ， suggest 建議 , propose 提議
order 命令, request 要求, require 要求, demand要求, command 命令
insist 堅(jiān)持, recommend 推薦
intend 打算 move 提議prefer 寧愿 urge 主張desire 渴望direct 命令 ask 要求 determine 決定 decide 決定
He insisted [that the meeting (should) be put off].
他要求推遲那個(gè)會(huì)議。
They proposed [that all the plans (should) be discussed at the meeting].
他們建議所有的計(jì)劃都應(yīng)該在會(huì)上討論。
特殊動(dòng)詞：insisted & suggest
You pale face suggests that you(should)be ill. (?)
Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
I insisted that you (should) make a mistake. (?)
I insisted that you had made a mistake.
有人提議他應(yīng)該參加俱樂(lè)部的活動(dòng)。
Somebody suggested that he (should) join the club activities.
He (should) join the club activities was suggested by somebody.
It was suggested that he (should) join the club activities.
It is desired that ……,
It is suggested that ……,
It is requested that ……,
It was ordered that ……,
It was recommended that ……,
It was required that ……,
……(should) do……
It is important that ……should do……
It is necessary that ……should do……
It is natural that ……should do……
It is vital that ……should do……
It is essential that ……should do……
appropriate 適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
advisable 適當(dāng)?shù)模侠淼?/p>
better 較好的
desirable 理想的
imperative 迫切的
insistent 堅(jiān)持的
preferable 優(yōu)越的，較好的
strange 奇怪的
urgent 緊迫的
My proposal was (that we(should) hold a meeting next week).
He rejected my suggestion (that we (should)appoint Tom as our monitor).
Wish
表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬
表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬
表示對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬
Wish
I wish I were as handsome as Andy Lau.
He wished he hadn’t said that.
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
It is (high/ about) time … did /should do……
It is time that the boy went to school.
It is high time that certain measures should be taken /were taken.
would rather that 從句
“would rather (would sooner…) + 主語(yǔ) + did” 表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況。
“would rather (would sooner) + 主語(yǔ) + had done”表示過(guò)去的情況
would rather that 從句
I’d rather he didn’t go now.
要是他現(xiàn)在不走就好了
I’d rather soon you had been here yesterday.
要是你昨天在這里就好了。
would rather that 從句
As if (可以不用虛擬)
would sooner,
would just as soon,
might as well
would prefer
“if only”引起的感嘆句
did 或“would/ could + do”表示與現(xiàn)在或未來(lái)事實(shí)相反的愿望。
If only Maggie could marry me.
had done表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望。
If only I had not been busy last week!
公式化的句子
God bless you! 上帝保佑你!
So be it then! 那就這樣吧!
May the friendship between our two peoples last forever. 祝愿我們兩國(guó)人民的友誼萬(wàn)古青。
May you have a bright future.
