Exercise

The intentional termination of life of one human being by another - mercy killing (安樂死) - is contrary to that for which the medical profession stands and is contrary to the policy of the American Medical Association.

Put them all together, exalt(提高)them above their present imperfections, add to them the vision of humankind redeemed, forever free of need and strife(爭(zhēng)議)and you have a future lighted with the radiant colors of hope.

More than three million people live in inner London, and nearly five million people live in the surrounding suburban area, which is made up of formerly separate villages that have merged to form what is now called outer London

要點(diǎn)分析和參考譯文

要點(diǎn)：句子主干有兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)部分，即" is contrary to……and is contrary to……。" 詞組mercy killing 是對(duì)前面內(nèi)容的概括。for which the medical profession stands 是"that"的定語(yǔ)從句。

參考譯文：有意識(shí)的結(jié)束一個(gè)人的生命——安樂死——既違反了醫(yī)學(xué)界的職業(yè)立場(chǎng)，也違反了美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)協(xié)會(huì)的宗旨。

要點(diǎn)：此句的主干是一個(gè)由and 連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。第一部分有幾個(gè)并列祈使句組成，第二部分是一個(gè)完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，全句主干即"Put…exalt…，forever free … strife and you have a future…colors of hope.由于第一部分并列祈使句較長(zhǎng)而第二部分較短，而且連接兩部分的and前面有存在著另外一個(gè)and(need and strife)從而致使句子的結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜，不易看出主干的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。

參考譯文：把這一切集合起來(lái)，加以提高，使之超越現(xiàn)存的缺點(diǎn)，再加上人類得到拯救的憧憬，永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)求無(wú)爭(zhēng)，那么你將有一個(gè)閃耀著希望的絢麗多彩的未來(lái)。

要點(diǎn)：全句為并列復(fù)合句。 "and"連接并列句。第二個(gè)句子是主從復(fù)合句。"which"引出非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾"area"."that " 引出限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 "villages"."what" 引出名詞從句作"form"的賓語(yǔ)

參考譯文：三百多萬(wàn)人口居住在倫敦市區(qū)，將近五百多萬(wàn)人口居住在周圍的郊區(qū)——這些郊區(qū)由原來(lái)分散的村莊構(gòu)成，逐步形成如今被稱為的外倫敦。