英語動詞有兩種語態：主動語態和被動語態。

一、被動語態的時態及結構(以動詞do為例)

結構：主語 + be + 過去分詞

時態： 1. 一般現在時： am (is, are) done.

2. 一般現在時帶情態動詞的被動語態：must (can, may) be done

3. 一般過去時： was (were) done

4. 一般將來時： will (shall) be done

5. 現在進行時： am (is, are) being done

6. 現在完成時： have (has) been done

二、從初中階段所學五種基本句型談變被動語態時應注意的問題。

1.主語 + 連系動詞 + 表語 (S+V+P)

此結構不可用被動語態。

(正) The flowers smell sweet.

(誤) The flowers are smelt sweet.

2.主語 + 不及物動詞 (S+V)

此結構不可變被動語態。

(正) An accident happened last night.

(誤) An accident was happened last night.

3.主語 + 及物動詞 + 賓語 (S + V+ O)

(1)將主動語態的賓語變為被動語態的主語

Children often sing this song

This song is often sung by children.

(2)將含有介詞或副詞的動詞短語變為被動結構時，不可將介詞或副詞去掉。

We should listen to the teachers carefully.

The teachers should be listened to carefully.

4.主語 + 及物動詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語 (S + V+ IO+ DO)

(1).將表人的間接賓語變為主語，直接賓語不變。

He showed us a picture .

We were shown a picture.

(2).將指物的直接賓語變為主語，要在間接賓語前加介詞to或for.

A picture was shown to us.

A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.

5. 主語+及物動詞 + 賓語 + 賓語補足語 (S+ V+ O + C)

如動詞為 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接賓語補足語為不帶“to”不定式時，變被動語態時要加上“to”。

I saw him fall off the tree.

He was seen to fall off the tree.