One of the most important aspects of learning English is pronunciation. Without clear pronunciation, it is difficult to make yourself understood. First start by learning individual sounds. After that, focus on the music of the language. You might be surprised by the following statement: Pronouncing every word correctly leads to poor pronunciation! Good pronunciation comes from stressing the right words - this isbecause English is a time-stressed language.
發(fā)音是學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)最重要的方面之一。如果發(fā)音不夠清晰，就很難使別人聽(tīng)懂你的話。首先得從單個(gè)發(fā)音開(kāi)始。然后，將注意力集中在語(yǔ)調(diào)上。聽(tīng)到下面這句話你可能會(huì)很驚訝：將每個(gè)詞的音都正確地發(fā)出來(lái)只會(huì)練出糟糕的發(fā)音!好的發(fā)音在于對(duì)正確的詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)——這是因?yàn)橛⒄Z(yǔ)是一門(mén)強(qiáng)調(diào)重音的語(yǔ)言。
In other words, some words - the content words - receive more focus, whereas other words - function words - are less important. Learn more below.
也就是說(shuō)，人們更多強(qiáng)調(diào)的是實(shí)詞，而其他的詞——虛詞的重要性居于次要。請(qǐng)從下面內(nèi)容獲取更多信息。
Here’s How to Improve Your Pronunciation:
以下是提高發(fā)音的方法：
1.Start with learning individual sounds. These are called phonemes.
從聽(tīng)單個(gè)的發(fā)音(即音素)開(kāi)始。
2.Use minimal pairs to practice individual vowel sounds. Minimal pairs are words in which only one sound changes. For example, pop - pep - pip - pap changes the vowel sound. Using minimal pairs helps you isolate a sound to really focus on the small changes in sounds between vowels.
使用最小對(duì)立體來(lái)練習(xí)單個(gè)的元音。最小對(duì)立組就是只有一個(gè)發(fā)音不同的詞組。例如，pop - pep - pip – pap中只有元音在變化。使用最小對(duì)立組能夠使你將一個(gè)音單獨(dú)挑出，將注意力集中在小小的元音變化上。
3..Learn pairs of consonants that are voiced and voiceless and practice through minimal pairs. For example, f / v the ’f’ sound is voiceless and the ’v’ voiced. You can recognize the difference between voiced and voiceless by placing a finger on your throat. Voiced sounds vibrate, whereas voiceless sounds do not vibrate. These pairs include: b / p - z / s - d / t - v / f - zh / sh - dj / ch.
將清音和濁音的輔音通過(guò)最小對(duì)立組進(jìn)行成對(duì)練習(xí)。例如，f/v中的f是清音，而v是濁音。你可以通過(guò)將手指放在喉嚨處來(lái)判斷清音和濁音的區(qū)別。如果是濁音，喉嚨會(huì)震動(dòng)，清音則不會(huì)。這些組合包括：b / p - z / s - d / t - v / f - zh / sh - dj / ch.
4.Learn the difference between pure vowels and diphthongs such as the ’oi’ sound in ’boy’ or ’aee’ sound in ’tray’.
學(xué)習(xí)單元音和雙元音之間的差別，例如boy中的oi, tray中的aee。
5.Learn the following rules concerning pronunciation.
學(xué)習(xí)下列有關(guān)發(fā)音的規(guī)則。
6.English is considered a stressed language while many other languages are considered syllabic.
英語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)重音，其他語(yǔ)言則強(qiáng)調(diào)音節(jié)主音。
7.In other languages, such as French or Italian, each syllable receives equal importance (there is stress, but each syllable has its own length).
在其他的語(yǔ)言中，例如法語(yǔ)和意大利語(yǔ)，每一個(gè)音節(jié)都同樣重要。(雖然也有重音，但每個(gè)音節(jié)都有自己的音長(zhǎng)。)
9.English pronunciation focuses on specific stressed words while quickly gliding over the other, non-stressed, words.
英語(yǔ)的發(fā)音強(qiáng)調(diào)某一個(gè)具體的重音，而其他的非重音則可帶過(guò)。
10.Stressed words are considered content words: Nouns e.g. kitchen, Peter - (most) principal verbs e.g. visit, construct - Adjectives e.g. beautiful, interesting - Adverbs e.g. often, carefully.
重讀的詞語(yǔ)一般都是實(shí)詞。例如，名詞：kitchen, Peter;(絕大多數(shù))重要的動(dòng)詞：visit, construct;形容詞：beautiful, interesting;副詞：often, carefully。
11. Read the following sentence aloud: The beautiful Mountain appeared transfixed in the distance.
大聲讀出下面的句子：The beautiful Mountain appeared transfixed in the distance.(美麗的山佇立在遠(yuǎn)方。)
12. Read the following sentence aloud: He can come on Sundays as long as he doesn’t have to do any homework in the evening.
大聲讀出下面的句子：He can come on Sundays as long as he doesn’t have to do any homework in the evening.(只要他晚上不用做家務(wù)，就可以星期天來(lái)。)
13. Notice that the first sentence actually takes about the same time to speak well!
注意第一句要花上相同的時(shí)間讀出來(lái)!
14. Even though the second sentence is approximately 30% longer than the first, the sentences take the same time to speak. This is because there are 5 stressed words in each sentence.
即使第二句比第一句要多大約30%，兩句話也要在相同的時(shí)間里讀出來(lái)。因?yàn)槊烤湓捓锒加?個(gè)重讀詞。
15. Write down a few sentences, or take a few example sentences from a book or exercise.
寫(xiě)下幾句話，或者從書(shū)或練習(xí)中找到例句。
16. First underline the stressed words, then read aloud focusing on stressing the underlined words and gliding over the non-stressed words.
首先在重讀詞下面畫(huà)上橫線，然后大聲讀出來(lái)，注意劃線詞語(yǔ)，然后將非重讀詞語(yǔ)帶過(guò)即可。
17. Be surprised at how quickly your pronunciation improves! By focusing on stressed words, non-stressed words and syllables take on their more muted nature.
對(duì)你的發(fā)音進(jìn)步的速度之快感到驚訝吧!在關(guān)注重讀詞時(shí)，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)非重讀詞和音節(jié)發(fā)音更加柔和自然一些。
18. When listening to native speakers, focus on how those speakers stress certain words and begin to copy this.
在聽(tīng)本土人士說(shuō)話時(shí)，注意觀察他們是怎么重讀一些特定的詞，并仿效學(xué)習(xí)。
