連詞是一種虛詞，用于連接單詞、短語(yǔ)、從句或句子，在句子中不單獨(dú)用作句子成分。連詞主要可分為4類：并列連詞.轉(zhuǎn)折連詞.選擇連詞和因果連詞。連詞也可以分為2類：并列連詞和從屬連詞。

并列連詞用于連接并列的單詞、短語(yǔ)、從句或句子，如and, but, or, for等從屬連詞主要引出名詞性從句(主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句等)和狀語(yǔ)從句(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句等)，引出名詞性從句的連詞如that,whether等，引出狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞如when, because,since, if 等。

今天，我們主要講解的是并列連詞的基本用法。

并列連詞

常見(jiàn)并列連詞

表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞：主要有 but(但是), yet(可是), while(而，卻)等。

I would have written before but I have been ill.我本該早寫信的，但我生病了。I have failed, yet I shall try again.我失敗了，但我還要嘗試。You like tennis, while I’d rather read.你愛(ài)打網(wǎng)球，但我愛(ài)看書Someone borrowed my pen, but I don’t remember who.有人借了我的鋼筆，但我不記得是誰(shuí)了。He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us.他說(shuō)他是我們的朋友，但卻不肯幫助我們。

表選擇的并列連詞：主要 or (或者，還是，否則), either…or…(不是…就是…), neither…or…(既不…也不…), otherwise(要不然)等。Be careful about what you say or you may regret it.當(dāng)心你講的話，否則你會(huì)后悔的。Either say you’re sorry or else get out!你要么道歉，要么滾開!Neither does he smoke nor does he drink.他既不抽煙也不喝酒。Seize the chance, otherwise you will regret it.要抓住機(jī)會(huì)，否則你會(huì)后悔的。注：neither…nor…連接兩個(gè)句子，注意用倒裝語(yǔ)序。

表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞：主要有 for(因?yàn)?, so(因此)等。He shook his head, for he thought differently.他搖了搖頭，因?yàn)樗胁煌敕āe told me to do it, so I did it.他讓我這樣做，于是我就這樣做了。The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor.這孩子咳得很利害，所以他媽媽帶他去看醫(yī)生。You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors.你們一定要克服粗枝大葉，因?yàn)榇种Υ笕~常常引起嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。注意：for表示結(jié)果通常不能放句首，也不能單獨(dú)使用。

表示并列關(guān)系的并列連詞：這類連詞主要有 and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but (also) , both…and , as well as ，when(=and just at this time 就在這時(shí))等。Give him an inch and he will take a mile.他會(huì)得寸進(jìn)尺。Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.不僅他講得更正確，也講得更不費(fèi)勁了。He was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.他正要上床睡覺(jué)，這時(shí)電話鈴響了起來(lái)。He didn’t go and she didn’t go either.他沒(méi)去，她也沒(méi)去。The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold.今天天氣很溫暖，不冷也不熱。Both New York and London have traffic problems.紐約和倫敦都存在交通問(wèn)題。It is important for you as well as for me.這對(duì)你和對(duì)我都很重要。People who are either under age or over age may not join the army.年齡不到或者超齡的人都不得參軍。

常見(jiàn)并列連詞用法

and：和，并且

I like basketball， football and table-tennis.我喜歡籃球、足球和乒乓球。

基本用法and表示“和”、“而且”的意思，用來(lái)連接對(duì)等關(guān)系的字和字，片語(yǔ)與片語(yǔ)，句子與句子。He got up and put on his hat.他站起來(lái)，戴上了帽子。I went to the Summer Palace and he went to Bei Hai Park.我去頤和園，他去北海公園。注意單詞或詞組如果是三個(gè)以上連接，一般在最后的單詞或詞組前加and。另外“and”在譯成中文時(shí)不一定要翻譯出“和”來(lái)。

特別用法：and在祈使句中的作用句型：祈使句， and…=If you…， you’ll…Use your head，and you’ll find a way.動(dòng)動(dòng)腦筋，你就會(huì)想出辦法來(lái)。=If you use your head，you’ll find a way.如果你動(dòng)動(dòng)腦子，你就會(huì)想出辦法。Hurry up，and you’ll catch the bus.快點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)趕上公共汽車。=If you hurry up，you’ll catch the bus.如果你快點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)趕上公共汽車。