前幾期談過了英語冠詞的用法以及一些應注意的事項。雖然如此,一般人的英語句子中,漏用或錯用冠詞的情況,還是很普遍。主要的原因是不重視冠詞所扮演的角色,以為有無冠詞或更換冠詞,都無足輕重。當然,冠詞只是個虛詞,與其他詞類比較,有點兒相形見絀。然而,在某些場合中,一個冠詞的選擇或取舍,即使不會使句子出錯,也會直接影響句子的意思。
現在請看看這個句子:
“We’ve sold few units of HDB flats in this area.”
房地產經理到底是要用“few”還是“a few”呢?在這里,你看得出有無冠詞怎樣影響句子的意思了吧!如果還是不能,就請比較下面兩個句子:
We can give you few books.
We can give you a few books.
兩者都表示“少”,但“few”是幾乎沒有,“a few”是“有一些”。
現在進一步比較有無冠詞時語義上有什么差別。
① a.Have you seen the children playing in front of the school bus?
b.Have you seen the children playing in the front of the school bus?
(a)指“在校車前面,但人不在車內”;(b)指“在校車車廂前部分,人在車內”。
② a.She insisted onkeeping house for him.
b.She insisted on keeping the house for him.
(a)的意思是“替他管理家務”;(b)是“為他保留房子”。
③ a. In case of a traffic accident, send for the police.
b. In the case of a traffic accident, recklessness is usually the main cause.
(a)是“如果”;(b)是“就……來說”。
④ a. Out of question, Jason is the most prolific writer.
b. Going to the meeting in pants? Out of the question!
(a)的意思是“毫無疑問地”;(b)是“不可能的”。
⑤ a. Mike goes to school at 7.30 am.
b. Her father went to the school yesterday.
(a)指“上學”,表示一種活動,含義籠統;(b)指“到學校里”,表示一個確定的地方。
⑥ a. Judy speaks Mandarin after a fashion.
b. Tom is a man who runs after the fashion.
(a)指“一點兒,不很好”;(b)指“追求時髦”。
⑦ a. She looks crazy in a way.
b. The chair is in the way.
(a)指“有一點”;(b)指“擋著去路”。