周童瑜英語(yǔ)易筋經(jīng)：語(yǔ)法十二式之詞法秘訣E

【FROM】

1.動(dòng)詞+from，A)動(dòng)詞+ from。from表示“來(lái)源、原因、起始”等：come from來(lái)自,date from追溯, die from死于, escape from逃出,fall from自…跌落, hang from垂掛, hear from收到來(lái)信,learn from向某人學(xué)習(xí), return from自某地返回，rise from自…冒出, result from起因于, suffer from忍受。B)動(dòng)詞+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place。from表示“來(lái)源、免于”等：borrow from向…借, choose from選自, exempt from免除, keep from阻止做,prevent from不準(zhǔn)做, protect from不受…之害, remove from移動(dòng);除去, separate from分離開來(lái),stop from阻止。

2. be +形容詞+ from。此時(shí)from含義眾多：be absent from缺席,be different from與眾不同, be far from更不用說(shuō), be hidden from躲避,be made from用…制成, be tired from因…而疲倦。

3.from…to…。本短語(yǔ)表示從一種狀態(tài)到另一狀態(tài)的變化或從…到…：from bad to worse每況愈下，from beginning to end自始至終，from China to Peru到處，from day to day一天一天地，from door to door挨家挨戶， from hand to mouth勉強(qiáng)糊口，from head to foot從頭到腳，from mouth to mouth廣泛流傳， from time to time不時(shí)地，from top to bottom徹底地。

【IN】

1.動(dòng)詞+in，A)動(dòng)詞+ in。in在短語(yǔ)中的含義異常豐富：believe in信任, break in碎成，bring in引起;產(chǎn)生;帶來(lái), call in下令收回, fill in填充, hand in上交, involve in涉及, lie in在于, result in導(dǎo)致, share in共享,succeed in成功。B)動(dòng)詞+sb./time/money+ in。介詞in后接(doing)sth: spare time/money in勻出時(shí)間或錢做某事,spend time/money in花時(shí)間或錢做某事,waste time/money in浪費(fèi)時(shí)間或錢做某事。

2. be +形容詞+ in。in表示“在某些方面如何或?qū)δ承┓矫嬗性鯓拥呐袛?、興趣、關(guān)系等”：be active in活躍于,be absorbed in專心致志, be concerned in牽涉, be experienced in在…有經(jīng)驗(yàn), be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的專家, be excellent in在…優(yōu)秀,be interested in對(duì)…有興趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有,be slow in遲緩, be successful in在某方面成功, be skilled in精于, be weak in弱于。

3. in +名詞。 in表示“處于某種狀態(tài)或在某些方面”等意思：in advance提前，in all總共，in bed臥床，in person親自，in brief簡(jiǎn)明扼要，in case萬(wàn)一, in charge主管，in danger有危險(xiǎn), in debt負(fù)債, in despair失望, in general一般說(shuō)來(lái),in itself本身, in love戀愛, in order井然有序, in public公開地, in practice從實(shí)踐上看, in rags穿著破衣, in ruins一片廢墟, in theory從理論上看, in trouble有麻煩, in tears眼淚汪汪,in time及時(shí), in turn按順序, in vain白白地，in sight看得見。

周童瑜提請(qǐng)您注意下列幾個(gè)詞組中的in為副詞：check in到達(dá)登記，cut in插嘴，count in包括,draw in時(shí)間接近, drop in順路拜訪, give in屈服, pour in源源而來(lái)。

【OF】

1.動(dòng)詞+of，a)動(dòng)詞+of。of意為“有關(guān)，由于”： beg of(sb.)請(qǐng)求某人,complain of抱怨，consist of由…構(gòu)成, die of死于, dream of夢(mèng)想, hear of聽說(shuō), know of了解,speak of談及, tell of講到, think of想起, talk of論及。b)動(dòng)詞+sb.+of+sth.。其中of有“剝奪，有關(guān)”之意：accuse of控告(譴責(zé)，非難)某人, cheat of騙走, deprive of剝奪,inform of匯報(bào), rob of搶走, remind of提醒, warn of警告。c)動(dòng)詞+sth.+ of +sb.。介詞of表動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，后接動(dòng)作的賓語(yǔ)sb.：request of請(qǐng)求(某人做某事), require of要求得到。

2. be +形容詞+ of。of后接表對(duì)象或目標(biāo)的詞，這類短語(yǔ)有很多： be aware of覺察, be ashamed of以…為恥, be afraid of擔(dān)心,be bare of沒有, be careful of小心, be clear of還清債務(wù),be certain of確信, be composed of由…構(gòu)成, be envious of嫉妒,be forgetful of健忘, be fond of喜歡, be free of免于;擺脫, be full of充滿, be guilty of認(rèn)罪, be hopeful of抱有希望,be informed of匯報(bào), be impatient of對(duì)…無(wú)耐心, be jealous of嫉妒,be made of用…制成, be mindful of留意, be proud of以…為驕傲,be sick of煩于, be short of缺乏, be sure of確信, be tired of困于,be worthy of值得。

3.of+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組：come of age成年, of choice精選的，of course當(dāng)然，of name有名的，of purpose有意地，of use有用，of values有價(jià)值的。