English clauses always have a subject: 英語(yǔ)句子總是只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)

His father has just retired. Was a teacher. >He was a teacher.

I’m waiting for my wife. Is late. >She is late.

Look at the time! Is half past two.> It’s half past two.

except for the imperative 除了祈使句

Go away.

Play it again please.

If we have no other subject we use there or it. 如果沒(méi)有別的主語(yǔ)，我們可以用there或者it。

there

（1）· to introduce a new topic: 介紹一個(gè)新話題

There is a meeting this evening. It will start at seven.

There has been an accident. I hope no one is hurt.

（2）· with numbers or quantities: 關(guān)于數(shù)字或數(shù)量

There was a lot of rain last night.

There must have been more than five hundred in the audience.

（3）· to say where something is: 介紹某物在哪里

There used to be a playground at the end of the street.

There are fairiesat the bottom of the garden.

I wonder if there will be anyone at home.

It

We use it to talk about: 我們用it去談?wù)?/strong>

（1）· times and dates: 時(shí)間和日期

It’s nearly one o’clock.

It’s my birthday.

（2）· weather: 天氣

It’s raining.

It’s a lovely day.

It was getting cold.

（3）· to give an opinion about a place: 說(shuō)一個(gè)關(guān)于某地的意見(jiàn)

It’s very cold in here.

It will be nice when we get home.

It’s very comfortable in my new apartment.

Using "it" to talk about people 用it談?wù)撊藗?/strong>

（1）· on the telephone: 講電話時(shí)

Hello. It’s George.

（2）· when people cannot see us: 當(dāng)人們看不到我們時(shí)

[Mary knocks on door] It’s me. It’s Mary.

We use it to talk about other people:

（1）· when we point them out for the first time: 當(dāng)我們第一次指出別人時(shí)

Look. It’s Sir Paul McCartney.

Who’s that? I think it’s John’s brother.

（2）· when we cannot see them and we ask them for their name: 當(dāng)我們第一次問(wèn)別人名字時(shí)

[telephone rings, we pick it up] Hello. Who is it?

[someone knocks on door. We say:] Who is it?