far,by far
作程度副詞時,far和by far近義;far表示“很”、“極”、“大大地”(much)或“太/過于”(too much)的意思,by far是“最為…/更為…”的意思。二者使用時有下列兩點需要注意:
(一)far經常用在形容詞比較級之前,而by far一般多用在最高級之前,例:
It is far colder today than yesterday.
今天的天氣比昨天冷得多。
Among these five gadgets,this one is by far the most useful.
在這五個新玩意兒中,這個最為有用。
This is by far the better method.
這方法比另一個更完善得多。
(二)使用by far時,隨后的形容詞最高級及比較級都附有定冠詞the,而far之后的比較級形容詞則沒有the.例:
She is by far the best of the students in class.
她是班里最好的學生。
She is far better than the other students.
她比其他學生更優秀。
The other boy,who was two years older and by far bigger than he,had by far the worst of the assault.
—Thackeray
此外,far可以與too及原級形容詞連用,義為“太/過于”,而by far則不可。例:
It is far too dangerous to go out in a storm.
暴風中外出是太過危險。
He is far too busy to deal with trifles.
他太忙碌,無暇處理瑣碎事情。
在下列短語中,請注意far的詞序和搭配:
far better;better by far;by far the better;by far the best;far and away the best(此語語氣最強,一般作口頭語用)