十三、復合句——形容詞性(定語)從句

1.尤其要注意whose的用法

whose在從句中做定語，修飾名詞。所以，如果關系代詞后面緊接的是名詞，且關系代詞又不在從句中做主語或賓語，那么，這個關系代詞就應該是whose。如：

2.介詞 + which的用法

如果從句中主賓成分齊全，考生便可考慮關系代詞是否在從句中做狀語，而狀語通常用介詞短語充當，于是可以得知，關系代詞前面應有介詞，再分析所給的選項，根據與名詞的搭配作出正確選擇。如：

We are not conscious of the extent to which work provides the psychological satisfaction that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.

3.as 與which用作關系代詞的區別

(1)as與the same, such, so, as等關聯使用。如：As the forest goes, so goes its animal life.

(2)as和which都可以引導非限定性定語從句，但as在句中的位置比較靈活，可出現在句首、句中、句末，而which只能出現在句末，尤其是當先行詞是整個句子時。如：

As is true in all institutions, juries are capable of making mistakes.

As is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.

常見的這類結構有：as has been said before, as has been mentioned above, as can be imagined, as is known to all, as has been announced, as can be seen from these figures, as might/could be expected, as is often the case, as has been pointed out, as often happens, as will be shown等。

4.關系代詞that與which用于引導定語從句的區別

(1)如果關系代詞在從句中做賓語，用that, which都可以，而且可以省略;

(2)先行詞是不定代詞anything, nothing, little, all, everything時，關系代詞用that;

(3)先行詞由形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾或由next，last, only, very修飾時，用that;

(4)非限定性定語從句只能用which引導;

(5)關系代詞前面如果有介詞，只能用which。

5.but做關系代詞，用于否定句，相當于who…not, that…not

這個結構的特點是主句中常有否定詞或含有否定意義的詞。如：

There are few teachers but know how to use a computer.

There is no complicated problem but can be solved by a computer.