句型34

虛擬語氣條件句的倒裝

在虛擬條件句中，如果出現有were, had, should，可以省去if, 把這些詞放在句子前面，構成虛擬倒裝句。

[例句]

Should he act like that again, he would be fined. 如果他還這樣做，就要受罰。

Had the doctor come in time last night (=If the doctor had come in time last time), the boy would have been saved. 昨天晚上要是醫生及時到達，小孩就會得救。

Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.

Had I enough money (= If I had enough money), I would buy a larger house.

句型35

if only引起的感嘆句，相當于 "How I wish + 賓語從句"，意思是"但愿……;要是……就好了"

[例句]

If only he could come! 他要是能來就好了!

If only we students didn’t have so much homework!要是沒有這么多的作業該多好!

If only I hadn’t been so careless in the exam! 我當時沒有那么粗心就好了!

句型36

if it were not for… (= were it not for…)

if it hadn’t been for… (= had it not been for…)"要不是因為有……;如果不是……"

[注意]這種結構中不能用否定結構的縮寫形式，即不能用weren’t it for…)

[例句]

If it hadn’t been for (= Had it not been for) the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved. 要不是船長一直堅強，船上的旅客就不會得救。

If it were not for your rich parents, you couldn’t live so easy a life. 要不是你父母有錢，你的生活不會如此安逸。

If it were not for the expense, I would go abroad now. 如果不是因為經費問題，我現在就出國了。

句型37

"but for + 名詞"和"but that +從句"，意思是"倘若不是;要不是"，接虛擬語氣

[例句]

But for air and water, nothing could live. (= If there were no air or water, nothing could live.)

如果沒有空氣和水，什么東西都難以生存。

But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.

= If it hadn’t been for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. 如果不是暴風雨，我們早就到了。

But for you, we couldn’t have carried out the plan. 要不是你的話，我們無法實施那項計劃。

She could not have believed it but that she saw it. 若非親眼所見，她是不會相信的。