9.1 分詞作定語

分詞前置

We can see the rising sun. 我們可以看到東升的旭日

He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人

分詞后置 (i分詞詞組;ii 個(gè)別分詞如given, left; iii 修飾不定代詞 something等)

There was a girl sitting there.有個(gè)女孩坐在那里

This is the question given. 這是所給的問題

There is nothing interesting. 沒有有趣的東西

過去分詞作定語

與其修飾的詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句。

Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.

Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.

典型例題

1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written

答案D. 書與寫作是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞做定語表被動(dòng)，相當(dāng)于定語從句 which is written

2)What’s the language ____ in Germany?

A. speakingB. spoken C. be spokenD. to speak

答案B. 主語language與謂語動(dòng)詞之間有被動(dòng)的含義。

spoken是動(dòng)詞speak的過去分詞形式，在句中作定語，修飾主語language, spoken 與 language有被動(dòng)關(guān)系。該句可以理解為：

What’s the language (which is) spoken in German?