小編給各位初三考生整理了各學(xué)科的復(fù)習(xí)攻略，本文是初中初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法——常見(jiàn)介詞有哪些?，幫助各位考生梳理知識(shí)脈絡(luò)，理清做題思路，希望各位考生可以在考試中取得優(yōu)異成績(jī)!
一、表示地點(diǎn)位置的介詞
1、at ,in, on, to
at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近，旁邊”
in (1)表示 在大地方; (2)表示“在…范圍之內(nèi)”。
on 表示毗鄰，接壤
to 表示在……范圍外，不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否接壤
He arrived at the station at ten.
He is sitting at the desk.
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.
Jiangsu lies in the east of China.
Russia lies on the north of China.
Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province.
2、above, over, on 在……上
above 指在……上方,不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否垂直，與 below相對(duì);
over指垂直的上方,與under相對(duì),但over與物體有一定的空間，不直接接觸。
on表示某物體上面并與之接觸。
The bird is flying above my head.
There is a bridge over the river.
He put his watch on the desk.
3、below, under 在……下面
under表示在…正下方
below表示在……下，不一定在正下方
There is a cat under the table.
Please write your name below the line.
二、表示時(shí)間的介詞
1、in , on，at 在……時(shí)
in表示較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，如世紀(jì)、朝代、時(shí)代、年、季節(jié)、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。
如 in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in the night, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。
on表示具體某一天及其早、中、晚。
如on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。
at表示某一時(shí)刻或較短暫的時(shí)間，或泛指圣誕節(jié)，復(fù)活節(jié)等。
如at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of …, at the age of …, at Christmas， at night, at noon, at this moment等。
注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等詞之前一律不用介詞。如：We meet every day.
2、in, after 在……之后
“in +段時(shí)間”表示將來(lái)的一段時(shí)間以后;
“after+段時(shí)間”表示過(guò)去的一段時(shí)間以后;
“after+將來(lái)點(diǎn)時(shí)間”表示將來(lái)的某一時(shí)刻以后。
My mother will come back in three or four days.
He arrived after five months.
She will appear after five o’clock this afternoon.
3、from, since 自從……
from僅說(shuō)明什么時(shí)候開始，不說(shuō)明某動(dòng)作或情況持續(xù)多久;
since表示某動(dòng)作或情況持續(xù)至說(shuō)話時(shí)刻，通常與完成時(shí)連用。
He studied the piano from the age of three.
They have lived here since 1978.
4、after, behind 在……之后
after主要用于表示時(shí)間;
behind主要用于表示位置。
We shall leave after lunch.
Lucy is hiding behind an old house.
三、表運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的介詞：across, through 通過(guò)，穿過(guò)
across表示橫過(guò),即從物體表面通過(guò)，與on有關(guān);
through穿過(guò),即從物體內(nèi)部穿過(guò)，與in有關(guān)。
She swam across the river.
He walked through the forest.
四、表示“在……之間”的介詞：between, among
between指在兩個(gè)人或兩個(gè)事物之間;
among指在三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物之間。
There is a football match between Class One and Class Two on the playground.
The teacher is standing among the students.
五、表示其他意義的介詞
1、on ,about 關(guān)于
on表示這本書，這篇文章或演說(shuō)是嚴(yán)肅的，或?qū)W術(shù)性的，可供專門研究這一問(wèn)題的人閱讀;
about表示內(nèi)容較為普通，不那么正式。
There will be a lecture on economics this afternoon.
He is writing a book on cooking.
He told me a lot about his life in the summer vocation.
2、by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具
by 以……方法、手段或泛指某種交通工具;
with 表示用 …工具、手段，一般接具體的工具和手段;
in 表示用…方式，用…語(yǔ)言(語(yǔ)調(diào)、筆墨、顏色)等;
He makes a living by selling newspapers.
He broke the window with a stone.
The foreigner spoke to us in English.
3、except, besides 除了
except 除……之外，不包括在內(nèi);
besides 除……之外，包括在內(nèi)。
Except Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.(王先生沒(méi)去)
Besides Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film.(王先生也去了)
