Hearing the news, he jumped for joy. 聽(tīng)了這消息時(shí)高興得跳了起來(lái)。
Asked who he was, he made no reply. 當(dāng)問(wèn)到他是誰(shuí)時(shí),他沒(méi)作回答。
上面兩句中的分詞短語(yǔ)均用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),均可改為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,其中現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)hearing the news相當(dāng)于when he heard the news,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)asked who he was相當(dāng)于when he was asked who he was。
二、原因狀語(yǔ)
Being sick I stayed at home. 我因病呆在家中。
Much discouraged,she moved on to London. 她很沮喪,搬到了倫敦。
兩句中的分詞短語(yǔ)均用作原因狀語(yǔ),其中現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)being sick相當(dāng)于as he was sick,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)much discourage相當(dāng)于as she was discouraged。
三、條件狀語(yǔ)
Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作,你就可以成功。
Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. 跟你比較起來(lái),我還差得很遠(yuǎn)呢。
兩句中的分詞短語(yǔ)均用作條件狀語(yǔ),其中第一句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)working hard相當(dāng)于if you work hard,第二句中的compared with you相當(dāng)于if I was compared with you。
四、讓步狀語(yǔ)
Although living miles away, he never came late. 雖然住在幾英里以外,他從未遲到。
Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 雖然被擊敗了,他仍是一個(gè)受歡迎的拳擊手。
兩句中的分詞短短語(yǔ)均表示讓步,含有“雖然”“盡管”之意,其中第一句中的although living miles away相當(dāng)于although he lived miles away;第二句中的defeated相當(dāng)于though he was defeated。
五、方式狀語(yǔ)
He made a lot of money selling waste materials. 他靠賣(mài)廢料賺了不少錢(qián)。
I’m returning you letter as requested. 我按要求給你退信。
第一句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)selling waste materials表示方式,相當(dāng)于by selling waste materials;第二句的as requested也表示方式,相當(dāng)于as it is required。
六、伴隨狀語(yǔ)
He was lying on the sofa watching TV. 他躺在沙發(fā)上看電視。
He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了進(jìn)來(lái),后面跟著他的妻子。
兩句中的分詞短語(yǔ)均表示伴隨,第一句中的watching TV伴隨謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作was lying同時(shí)進(jìn)行;第二句中的followed by his wife伴隨謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作came in同時(shí)發(fā)生。
七、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)
I fell, striking my head against the door. 我摔倒在地,頭撞到門(mén)上。
He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了,留下他妻子和五個(gè)孩子。
兩句中的striking my head against the door和leaving his wife with five children均為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),分別表示“摔倒”和“死”所帶來(lái)的結(jié)果。
引用地址:http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/201210/3087.html