Hearing the news, he jumped for joy. 聽(tīng)了這消息時(shí)高興得跳了起來(lái)。
Asked who he was, he made no reply. 當(dāng)問(wèn)到他是誰(shuí)時(shí)，他沒(méi)作回答。
上面兩句中的分詞短語(yǔ)均用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，均可改為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其中現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)hearing the news相當(dāng)于when he heard the news，過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)asked who he was相當(dāng)于when he was asked who he was。
二、原因狀語(yǔ)
Being sick I stayed at home. 我因病呆在家中。
Much discouraged，she moved on to London. 她很沮喪，搬到了倫敦。
兩句中的分詞短語(yǔ)均用作原因狀語(yǔ)，其中現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)being sick相當(dāng)于as he was sick，過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)much discourage相當(dāng)于as she was discouraged。
三、條件狀語(yǔ)
Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。
Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. 跟你比較起來(lái)，我還差得很遠(yuǎn)呢。
兩句中的分詞短語(yǔ)均用作條件狀語(yǔ)，其中第一句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)working hard相當(dāng)于if you work hard，第二句中的compared with you相當(dāng)于if I was compared with you。
四、讓步狀語(yǔ)
Although living miles away, he never came late. 雖然住在幾英里以外，他從未遲到。
Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 雖然被擊敗了，他仍是一個(gè)受歡迎的拳擊手。
兩句中的分詞短短語(yǔ)均表示讓步，含有“雖然”“盡管”之意，其中第一句中的although living miles away相當(dāng)于although he lived miles away；第二句中的defeated相當(dāng)于though he was defeated。
五、方式狀語(yǔ)
He made a lot of money selling waste materials. 他靠賣(mài)廢料賺了不少錢(qián)。
I’m returning you letter as requested. 我按要求給你退信。
第一句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)selling waste materials表示方式，相當(dāng)于by selling waste materials；第二句的as requested也表示方式，相當(dāng)于as it is required。
六、伴隨狀語(yǔ)
He was lying on the sofa watching TV. 他躺在沙發(fā)上看電視。
He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了進(jìn)來(lái)，后面跟著他的妻子。
兩句中的分詞短語(yǔ)均表示伴隨，第一句中的watching TV伴隨謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作was lying同時(shí)進(jìn)行；第二句中的followed by his wife伴隨謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作came in同時(shí)發(fā)生。
七、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)
I fell, striking my head against the door. 我摔倒在地，頭撞到門(mén)上。
He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了，留下他妻子和五個(gè)孩子。
兩句中的striking my head against the door和leaving his wife with five children均為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，分別表示“摔倒”和“死”所帶來(lái)的結(jié)果。
引用地址:http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/201210/3087.html
