一般過去時也譯為單純過去時。
例A:He worked very hard last year.
(去年他很用功。)
例B:Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday.
(史密斯先生昨天買了一輛新車。)
例C:They were here only a few minutes ago.
(幾分鐘前他們還在這里。)
一般過去時的用法如下:
解說 一般過去時最明顯的現(xiàn)象就是常由表達過去之時間的副詞或副詞短語來修飾它(如各例句的斜體字部分)。這些常用于修飾一般過去時的副詞有:yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening ), just now (剛才), before (以前) , then (at that time ) (當時) , last +時間 (如 last week, month, year, Monday, … January, … spring, …, etc. ), that +時間 (如 that day, afternoon, summer, …, etc. ), 時間 + ago (如 a few minutes ago, two weeks ago , years ago, … etc.)
“過去”的概念并不是只指如 “yesterday, last week,… ” 等,實際上“與現(xiàn)在對立的過去”,亦即“非現(xiàn)在的以前”,哪怕是“過了說話時間的幾分鐘之前”,只要所要表達的時間與說話時的“現(xiàn)在”形成對立,就必須使用一般過去時來表達。例如:
He was here only a few minutes ago.
(僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。)
I came home just now.
(我剛回到家。)
在A項我們說明了“this + 時間, today, etc.”的時間副詞常用于修飾一般現(xiàn)在時,但是實際上只要是“與說話時的現(xiàn)在”對立,就必須使用一般過去時。例如:
I got up very early this morning.
(今天早晨我起床很早。)
He was late for school again today.
(今天他又遲到了。)
Drilling Square
Ⅰ.請把下列動詞選填到各題空格處并改為適當?shù)男问剑梢灾貜?fù)選用)。
(be, break, come, do, drive, enjoy, fall, get, go, have, leave, lose, rain, run, seem, stay, stop, take, teach, tell, write)
1.How many people (1) ______ there at the party last Saturday afternoon?
2.He (2) ______ hungry because he not (3) his breakfast this morning.
5.They say the train (13) ______ faster and safer than the bus does, so we (14) ______ the train to Kaohsiung yesterday.
6.Because I (15) ______ ill I not (16) to school the day before.
7.Have you found the bicycle you (17) ______ the other day?
8.There (18) ______ few schools in those days.
9.Usually my father (19) ______ to work, but he (20) ______ the bus this morning, for his car (21)______ down on his way home yesterday.
10.Mr. Smith (22) ______ English in our school when he first (23) ______ to Taiwan. But he (24) ______ here and (25) ______to teach in a small school in the country two years ago. He (26) ______ me and (27) ______ me that it (28) ______ fun teaching English in a small school in the country. It (29) ______ that he (30) ______ his teaching job there very much now.
Ⅱ.請寫出下列短文空格中所給動詞的正確時態(tài)形式。
Last Saturday I (1) go shopping with my mother and (2) get lost. The store (3) be crowded. I (4) stop to watch a toy merry-go-round (旋轉(zhuǎn)木馬之類的游戲裝置),and when I (5) look up, my mother (6) be nowhere to be seen! Then I (7) make a big mistake. When you (8) be lost, you should stay right where you (9) be. But I (10) start to look for my mother all over the store. I couldn’t find her anywhere. I (11) be getting more and more scared. Just then a sales girl (12) ask me if I (13) have lost my mother.
“Oh , yes!” I (14) say.
The sales girl (15) ask me what my name (16) be . The next thing I (17) know I (18) hear a loud speaker (擴音器) saying (廣播著), “Attention, please (請各位注意). Barbara Flint is at the toy counter (玩具部柜臺). Barbara Flint is at the toy counter.” Soon my mother (19) come up to the counter.
I never (20) expect to be so famous again.
----Language for Daily Use