1. it和that的用法

兩者都可替代“the+單數(shù)名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))”，均表特指，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同類”事物。如：

①The Parkers bought a new house but ________will need a lot of work before they can move in.

A. they B. it C. one D. which

解析：答案選B。it替代 “the + house”，指的就是前面提到的the Parkers所買(mǎi)的那座新房子。

②Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.

A. some B. any C. that D. those

解析：答案選C。that替代the pleasure，指與前面提到的同屬“快樂(lè)的事”。

2. 替代詞one的用法

one用以替代“a+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表示泛指。特指的the one相當(dāng)于that;the one復(fù)數(shù)形式the ones，在口語(yǔ)中也常用those代替;當(dāng)后面有of短語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用that或those，當(dāng)有前置修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用one(s)，如the red one。one(s), the one(s), those, that都是替代“同類”事物，其中只有that可替代不可數(shù)名詞。如：

①We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made ________ from some wood we had.

A. it B. one C. himself D. another

解析：答案選B，one替代a cupboard。

②Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except ________who had already taken them.

A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others

解析：答案選A，后面的定語(yǔ)從句是特指，the ones替代 the pupils。此處也可用those。