以前談過(guò)了動(dòng)詞形態(tài)的錯(cuò)誤，這種錯(cuò)誤屢見不鮮，是英語(yǔ)錯(cuò)誤中常見的一種。因?yàn)檫@緣故，很多英語(yǔ)考試，都會(huì)有一項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞形式選擇或改正的試題。

從觀察所得，動(dòng)詞形態(tài)錯(cuò)誤的一個(gè)原因是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的混淆所引起的。

這里便舉些例子談?wù)劇?/p>

㈠ Hang

這動(dòng)詞有兩個(gè)主要意思，就是“懸掛”和“吊死”。前者的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是hung，如：

① Mr Lim hung a newly bought oil painting on the wall.

② Who has hung the dirty clothes on the tree?

Hang當(dāng)“吊死”時(shí)用，它的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是hanged，如：

③ The prisoner hanged himself in the prison.

④ Drug-traffickers, if arrested, will be hanged.

如果貿(mào)貿(mào)然用hung代替hanged或以hanged取代hung就會(huì)令人莫名其妙，如：

⑤ The murderer was caught and hung.

⑥ How can such a nice painting be hanged in the kitchen?

㈡ Lie

這動(dòng)詞的常見意思是“說(shuō)謊”和“躺下”。前者的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是lied;后者的是lay和lain.

若不小心，把兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞的形式搞亂了，很可能會(huì)有這樣的錯(cuò)誤：

⑦ The puppy lied on the carpet and slept.

⑧ Have you lain to your good friend?

⑦里的應(yīng)為lay;⑧里的是lied.

提到lay，它也是原動(dòng)詞，意思是“生產(chǎn)”或“擺設(shè)”;過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都是laid，如：

⑨ That hen has laid its first egg.

⑩ Mother laid the table for dinner.

㈢ Speed

當(dāng)“急馳”時(shí)，這動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是sped;和up連用當(dāng) “加速”解時(shí)，則用speeded，如：

The boy ran out of doors and sped down the main road.

The new scheme has speeded up the administrative process.

㈣ Bear

這動(dòng)詞有幾個(gè)意思，包括“生產(chǎn)”和“出生”，過(guò)去形式是bore ，過(guò)去分詞是born/borne，如：

Pat has borne two lovely children.

Lily was born after Singapore’s independence.

Born只用在“出生”這意思上，其余的要用borne，如：

The Government’s investments abroad have borne fruit.(結(jié)果)

David has borne with the unfriendly criticisms with tremendous courage.(忍受)