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初一我們就 開始接觸和學習There be句型，初中三年，我們一直在和There be句型打交道，它貫穿在很多語法學習中，常考的有There be的各種時態、主謂一致以及反義疑問句。

定義

There be 句型是英語中常用句型， 意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。其中there 是引導詞,沒有詞義;be是謂語動詞;“某人或某物”是句子的主語;“某地"作句子的狀語,多是介詞短語。

There is a football under the chair.椅子下面有一個足球。

結構

There be +某物 / 某人 + 某地

動詞be的確定

1)there be 結構中的謂語動詞be在人稱和數上應與其后的主語保持一致。主語是不可數名詞或單數可數名詞時用is,是復數時用are。

There is a flower in the bottle.瓶里有一朵花。There is some money in the purse.錢包里有些錢。There are some books on the desk.桌子上有許多書。

2)若句子中有幾個并列的主語時, be的形式要與離其最近的一個主語在人稱和數上保持一致(就近原則)。

There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house.房子里有一個男孩,一個女孩和兩個婦女。There are ten students and a teacher in the office.辦公室里有十個學生和一個教師。

There be 句型

肯定句

“There be+主語(某人/某物)+介詞短語”，表示“(在)某地有某人/某物”。這里的be的單復數形式要采取“就近一致”原則，即合靠近be的主語保持一致。具體地說，there后面第一個主語，若是單數時，be就用is/was;若是復數時be就用are/were。

There are three people in my family.我家有三口人。There is a pen and two books on the desk.書桌上有一支鋼筆和兩本書。

否定式“There be +not+主語+介詞短語”。There be句型”的否定式的構成和含有be動詞的其他句型一樣，在be后加not或no即可，但要注意的是句中的some改成any.

1. There is a knife in the kitchen.否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.

2. There are five apples on the tree.否定:There are not five apples on the tree.

3. There is some ink in the bottle.否定:There is not any ink in the bottle.

4. There are some birds singing in the tree.否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.

There be否定句型中的not any與no可以互換。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，所以not a/an/any+n.相當于no+n.。

1. There are not any books in the bag.=There are no books in the bag.

2. There is no baby crying in the room.=There is not any baby crying in the room.

3. There are no students in the classroom.=There are not any students in the classroom.

4. There is not any milk in the bottle.=There is no milk in the bottle.

疑問式

在“There is/are...”的疑問句中,要把Be動詞放在there之前,并將句號變問號。難點:句中出現的some要改成any。 肯定回答為：Yes, there is/are.否定回答為: No, there isn’t/aren’t.結構：Be動詞+there+主語……?

There is an apple on the tree.Is there an apple on the tree?肯定回答: Yes, there is.否定回答: No, there isn’t.

There are five pens on the desk. Are there five pens on the desk?肯定回答: Yes, there are.否定回答: No, there aren’t.

There is some water in the cup.Is there any water in the cup?肯定回答: Yes, there is.否定回答: No, there isn’t.

特殊疑問句

“There be句型”的特殊疑問句形式有以下三種變化：

1.對主語提問：當主語是人的時候，則用who 引導，當主語是物的時候，則用what引導。注意：無論原句的主語是單數還是復數，對之提問時一般都用be的單數形式(回答時卻要根據實際情況來決定)。

There are many things over there.What’s over there?There was a little girl in the roomWho was in the room?

2.對地點狀語提問：則用where 引導。

There is a computer on the desk.Where is the computer?There were four children on the playground.Where were the four children?

3.對數量提問：一般有兩種句型結構：

How many+復數名詞+are/were (there)+介詞短語?

There’re many children in the park. How many children are(there)in the park?

How much+不可數名詞+is/was there+介詞短語?There was little rain around the year. How much rain was (there)around the year?