在學(xué)習(xí)代詞it在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，需要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

一、 it作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí)，除了教科書上講解的可代替不定式和主語(yǔ)從句外，還可代替動(dòng)名詞。例如：

It’s no use crying over spilt milk. 后悔無(wú)用。

It’s no good taking in much fat and sugar. 攝取大量的糖和脂肪沒有好處。

另外，學(xué)習(xí)代詞it作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí)，還要注意學(xué)會(huì)使用下列常用句式。

It takes / took / will take sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間

It looks / looked as if ... 看起來(lái)好像……

It seems / seemed that ... 似乎……

It (so) happened that ... 碰巧……

It turns / turned out that... 原來(lái)是……

It is said / reported / believed / hoped / well known / suggested ... that...

據(jù)說(shuō) / 據(jù)報(bào)道 / 相信 / 希望 / 眾所周知 / 建議……

It occurred to sb. that ... 某人想起……

It was / will be + 一段時(shí)間 + before ... 過(guò) / 要過(guò)多久才……

It is / was / has been / had been + 一段時(shí)間 + since ... 自從……已經(jīng)……例如：

It will take us a very long time to improve our reading.

It looks as if it is going to rain.

It seems that something unusual will happen to them.

It (so) happened that I had no money with me.

It turns out that he is a famous computer expert.

It is said that they have got married.

It is well known that the bird flu is a very serious disease.

It is hoped that every one of us will protect wild animals.

It occurred to me that I should have a talk with John.

It will be a long time before we meet again.

It is two years since he went abroad.

二、非人稱代詞it，還可指代this，that。例如：

-Do you know what this is in English? 你知道這個(gè)英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)嗎?

-It’s a cell phone. 這是手機(jī)。

-How about that? 那個(gè)呢?

-It’s a computer. 那是電腦。

三、指代有生命但不能或不必區(qū)分性別的人或物。例如：

Yesterday we saw a big elephant in the zoo. It is about three meters high. 昨天我在動(dòng)物園看到一頭大象，大約三米高。(it指代elephant)

Listen! The baby is crying out loud! It must be very hungry. 聽!那嬰兒在大聲哭!一定是餓極了。(it指代baby)

四、指代上下文中所提到的事物。例如：

Unfortunately, I lost my favorite watch on my way to school. It cost me more than 200 yuan. 真不幸，上學(xué)路上把我最喜歡的手表給弄丟了。它花了我200多元。(it指代上文中的watch)

On my mother’s birthday I bought a present for her. It was an expensive necklace.母親生日那天我給她買了禮物--一條昂貴的項(xiàng)鏈。(it指代上文中的present)

Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. 盡管我們看不到空氣，但我們周圍到處都是空氣。(it指代下文中的air)

五、指代上文中提到的事件。例如：

Mr. Li has gone abroad for further study. Have you heard of it? 李老師已出國(guó)深造。你聽說(shuō)(這件事)了嗎?

I have told him many times not to be late for class, but it didn’t help. 我已經(jīng)告訴他好多次上課不要遲到了，但就是沒有用。

六、指代身份不明的人。例如：

-Look! Something is coming. Who can it be?

-It may be our director.

-Who is it?

-It’s me.