句子的分類:由句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)講，可分為三類簡(jiǎn)單
一、簡(jiǎn)單句：由一個(gè)主語(yǔ)(或并列主語(yǔ))和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)（或并列謂語(yǔ)）構(gòu)成的句子。
eg. We cleaned the windows and tidied the room.
二、并列句：由并列連詞and, but,so,or,for等把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連起來(lái)的句子。 eg. 1)I come from China and he comes from Japan. 2)Hurry up,or you’ll miss the train.
3)He looked for it everywhere, but he couldn’t find it.
4)She didn’t know the answer to the question,so she asked the teacher.
5)He’s interested in music while John is interested in sports.
三、復(fù)合句
A.賓語(yǔ)從句：賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有that, if/whether, what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how等。
1、連接詞 1)由連接詞that引導(dǎo)陳述句，在口語(yǔ)中that常省略。
eg. He said that he would like to see the headmaster.
2)由連接詞whether/if引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句，whether和if 常可互換，但下列場(chǎng)合一般用whether.
①介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句：I’m thinking of whether he’ll come.
②與or not連用：I don’t know whether I should go or not.
3)由連接代詞what,who(whom,whose)which或連接副詞when,where,why,how引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句。 eg. Do you know who/whom she is waiting for?
2、語(yǔ)序：不管賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句、一般疑問(wèn)句或特殊疑問(wèn)句，都要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，也就是說(shuō)主謂次序不能顛倒。連接詞＋主謂結(jié)構(gòu)
(1).Bill wanted to know who did this. (2).I don’t know what’s the matter with Bob?
(3).I don’t know what’s wrong with them?
3、時(shí)態(tài)：一般說(shuō)來(lái)，主從句時(shí)態(tài)要統(tǒng)一。如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可根據(jù)需要用其它任何時(shí)態(tài)；如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)該用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)范疇（也就是用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。
eg.①Lily wanted to know whether her grandma liked the handbag. ②I asked the teacher where we would have the meeting. ③Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo?
如果從句表明的是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)或真理，那么無(wú)論主句是什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句都只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 eg. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound.
注意：在think后的賓語(yǔ)從句，如果需要表示否定意義，一般不在賓語(yǔ)從句中否定，而是在主句中否定。 eg. I don’t think that English is easy. I think that English is not easy. ( 誤)
練習(xí)題：（一）
①How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句) Could you tell me how ____ _____ on with his new classmates?
②What is he doing there? Mother didn’t know. (改為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句)
Mother didn’t know what _____ ______doing there.
③Could you tell me ________ they are talking about? A.where B.when C.why D.what
④You’d better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on.
⑤Excuse me.Could you tell me where ___________?
A.is the toilet B.the toilet is C.was the toiletD.the toilet was
