隨著科技的突飛猛進(jìn)以及電腦資訊的普及，科學(xué)術(shù)語、電腦詞匯與日俱增;即使同一個(gè)字，有時(shí)意思在增加，用途也在擴(kuò)大。工業(yè)或行政上的 input 和 output 和電腦上的意思，哪會(huì)完全相同?小孩時(shí)期看到在地上跑的 mouse 和現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)在電腦旁的 mouse，形狀相似，但意思也一樣嗎?

不說特殊用語，就是天天見面的常用字，不管是名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞或副詞，十九都是多義詞，甚至是多種詞類的，既可當(dāng)名詞、動(dòng)詞，又可當(dāng)形容詞，甚至副詞。

關(guān)于這點(diǎn)，《英語詞匯：意思和用法》一文中已舉例說明，大家應(yīng)該記憶猶新，不再重復(fù)。

由于一詞多義在英語詞匯的運(yùn)用上非常重要，這里不厭其煩地再舉一個(gè)家喻戶曉的常用字 break，以加強(qiáng)我對這點(diǎn)的重視。

作為動(dòng)詞，break 有下列 12 個(gè)常用意思：

① 打破、斷，如：(a) If you drop the cup, you will break it. (b) The rope suddenly broke.

② 違反、違約，如：(a) Don’t break the law. (b) Tom is notorious for breaking promises.

③ 傷、毀，如：(a) Tony broke Jane’s heart by not marrying her. (b) Judy dropped her watch and broke it.

④ 中斷、打斷，如：(a) The barking of the dog broke our sleep. (b) The stranger rushed in and broke our conversation.

⑤ 破曉，如：They arrived at the airport just as the day was breaking.

⑥ 放棄，如：It is hard to break the habit of smoking.

⑦ 開路，如：We sometimes saw voluntary workers help break paths in villages.

⑧ 毫無得失，如：He bought the sewing machine at $700 and sold it at the same price. He broke even on the deal.

⑨ 闖入，如：A thief broke into my neigbour’s house and ran away with some valuables.

⑩ 爆發(fā)，如：If a new world war breaks out, can you imagine the consequences?

11. 突破，如：The soldiers tried to break through the enemy’s line.

12. 停止，如：The meeting suddenly broke up.

當(dāng)名詞時(shí)，break 有 5 個(gè)常見義，如下：

① 裂口：Please send for a plumber to repair the break in the water pipe.

② 拂曉：Fish mongers start work at the break of the day.

③ 吃茶點(diǎn)時(shí)間：A few of us have a tea-break at 11am every day.

④ 休息：There is one-hour break for lunch.

⑤ 變動(dòng)：The bankrupt man has a break in his way of living.