反意疑問句

一.概念

反意疑問句是附加在陳述句之后,對陳述句所表示的事實或觀點提出疑問的句子.附加疑問實際上是一種簡略的一般疑問句.

二.相關知識點精講

1.反意疑問句的結構：陳述句（主語+謂語……），+助動詞/情態動詞/be動詞+主語（代詞形式）？

說明：陳述句部分如果是肯定句，反意疑問句，疑問句部分的助動詞/情態動詞/be動詞+not （否定提問）；如果陳述句部分是否定句，反意疑問句，疑問句部分用肯定式提問。

例句：

He is your teacher, isn’t he?

People shouldn’t drop litter on the pavements, should they?

You found the key in the bedroom, didn’t you?

They have a house in town, haven’t they? /don’t they?

The boy has to clean his room, doesn’t he?

I am right, aren’t I?

They’d rather go by bus, wouldn’t they?

You’d better change your wet skirt, hadn’t you?

He’d like to join our discussion, wouldn’t he?

She ought to see a doctor at once, shouldn’t she? / oughtn’t she?

I wish to say a few words, may I?

That’s nice, isn’t it?

This is the place, isn’t it?

Everybody knows the answer, don’t they?

Nothing is serious, isn’t it?

There wasn’t enough time at that moment, was there?

There used to a tower here, usedn’t there? / didn’t there?

What you need is more practice, isn’t it?

2.某些特殊句型的反意疑問句：

1)祈使句的反意疑問句：

表示肯定意義的祈使句，即表示“請求，提示”它的反意疑問句用will you 表達：有時也可以用won’t you 表示。

Go home now, will you?

Close the window, please, will you?

否定祈使句：以Don’t開始的祈使句：表示“不要……”，用will you 提問：

Don’t be late again, will you?

Don’t forget to pay your income tax, will you?

Let’s引導的祈使句表示“建議”，反意疑問句部分是：shall we ?

Let’s go for a walk, shall we?

Let’s have a rest now, shall we?

Let me 或 Let us引導的祈使句表示“請求”，反意疑問句部分為will you：

Let me have a try, will you?

Let us help, will you?

2) 感嘆句的反意疑問句：一律用否定式提問。

What a clever boy, isn’t he?

What a lovely day, isn’t it?

3) 陳述句含有情態動詞must有兩種情況：

must表示“必須”，反意疑問句部分為mustn’t…? / needn’t…?

He must study hard at English, mustn’t he? / needn’t he?

You must go home now, needn’t you? / mustn’t you?

We mustn’t be late, must we?

Must表示推測：“一定，肯定” 反意疑問句部分與must后面的動詞呼應

You must be joking, aren’t you?

He must be ill, isn’t he ?

注意：用must對過去的動作推測時，反意疑問句部分的助動詞用did或have, 而對過去的狀態推測，反意疑問句部分的be動詞用was:

She must have finished her work, hasn’t she? / didn’t she?

Jack must have arrived here yesterday, didn’t he?

He must have been a policeman, wasn’t he?

4) 陳述句中有否定副詞：hardly; never; seldom; little; few; nowhere; nothing等詞，反意疑問句部分用肯定提問：

Frank hardly goes to parties, does he?

He has few friends, has he?

5)復合句的反意疑問句：大多數復合句的反意疑問句都對主句提問：

He was punished because he violated the regulation, wasn’t he?

You never told me that you had been ill, did you?

注意：I don’t think/suppose/believe/imagine 引導的賓語從句，這種賓語從句的反意疑問句應與從句的主語，謂語部分一致，而且用肯定式的提問。

I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, will they?

I don’t believe she has done it, has she?

I think he will come. Won’t he?