易貨貿易

A rare stillness suffused Saturday morning in Sarajevo.

薩拉熱窩的周六早晨出奇的沉寂。

With the guns silent for a moment,parents gathered up their hungry children and headed for the market

炮聲未響，父母帶著饑腸轆轆的孩子到市場，

to barter for what meager supplies of food and clothing had made it through Serbian lines.

尋找穿越塞爾維亞防線的少數食品、衣物，以進行易物交易。

country of origin

原產國

Most Americans think of the Swatch as a trendy timepiece

大多數美國人認為Swatch是制造流行的手表，

that was embraced from K Mart Shoppers to the owners of SOHO galleries.

從K Mart的購物者到蘇活區藝廊的主持人都喜歡它。

But in its country of origin,Switzerland,the Swatch represents nothing less than an amazing instrument of industrial rejuvenation.

但是在它的原產國瑞士，Swatch所代表的不外是驚人的產業再生力量。

dumping

傾銷

The turning point for the U.S.semiconductor industry may have been in 1985,

美國半導體產業的轉折點是在1985年。

when American companies filed an antidumping petition against Japanese chipmakers.

美國公司發出一份控告日本芯片制造廠的反傾銷陳情書。

The Japanese were selling 256-kilobit memory chips at $2 each,for example,even though they cost an estimated $3 or more to produce.

例如日本在美國以每顆2美元的價格，銷售256K的內存芯片，但是制造成本卻大約是3元以上。

The report pointed out violations of fair trade by each area in 10 separate categories,

報告指出，在各個地區違反公平貿易的項目總共有10個，

such as quotas,anti-dumping measures and government procurement.

包括配額、反傾銷措施及政府采購等。

EPZ

出口加工區

Though provincial governments have been given more freedom,

雖然地方政府已經得到更多空間，

they haven’t passed it on to entrepreneurs.

但它們并未將這自由空間轉移給企業家。

Foreign investors are welcome,but corruption devours profits.

外資受到歡迎，但貪污侵蝕了利潤。

Even longtime investors complain that the rules seem to keep shifting.

即使長期投資者也抱怨朝令夕改。

Ho Chi Minh City’s Export Processing Zone Authority lured foreign companies on the basis of preferred taxfree status and then announced an 8% business tax.

胡志明市的出口加工區以優惠的免稅待遇來吸引外商，然后卻又宣布8%的企業稅率。

government procurement

政府采購

Court papers describe a scheme in which California’s Teledyne Industries paid Parkin and Lackner

法庭文件描寫一件陰謀：加州的Teledyne Industries付錢買通Parkin與Lackner二人，

to obtain confidential information about government procurement plans for a system to identify military aircraft.

以獲得有關政府采購能辯認識別軍機系統的機密資料。

When equipment has not been delivered,because of the glacial government procurement process.

當裝備因緩慢的政府采購程序而無法送達時，

Reno has personally borrowed gear from the Pentagon.

雷諾親自去向五角大樓借裝備。

gray market

灰色市場

Unlike rare jewels,chips have had the advantage of being untraceable,

電腦芯片不像稀有的珠寶。它的優點是無法追查原主，

so they can be quickly unloaded on gray and black markets.

所以很容易在灰色市場與黑市脫手。

ITC

國際貿易委員會

The U.S.International Trade Commission,the federal agency that deals with unfair trade complaints by American companies,

美國國際貿易委員會是專門處理美國企業對不公平貿易控拆的聯邦機構。

is handling a record number of cases(38 last year).

它現在正處理創歷史新高的案件數目(去年有38件)。

MFN

最惠國

Despite lapses into protectionism,the U.S. has generally been both a promoter and a beneficiary of free trade.