英語易混詞匯大排查 Part1
1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes統指各種衣服,謂語動詞永遠是復數;cloth指布,為不可數名詞;clothing 服裝的總稱,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 。
2. incident, accident
incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故。如:He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
amount后接不可數名詞, number后接可數名詞,如:a number of students。
4. family, house, home
home 指家,包括住處和家人,house指房子、住宅,family指家庭成員,如:My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
sound指自然界各種各樣的聲音,voice指人的嗓音,noise指噪音,如:I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing
photo指用照相機拍攝的照片,picture可指相片、圖片、電影片,drawing指畫的畫,如:Let’s go and see a good picture.
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary指詞匯,一個人擁有的單詞量;word指具體的單詞。如:He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
population指人口、人數,people指具體的人,如:China has a large population.
9. weather, climate
weather指一天內具體的天氣狀況,climate指長期的氣候狀況,如:The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
road指具體的公路、馬路,street指街道,path指小路、小徑,way指道路、途徑。如:take this road; in the street; show me the way to the museum.
11. course, subject
course指課程(可包括多門科目),subject指科目(具體的學科),如:a summer course。
12. custom, habit
custom指傳統風俗、習俗,也可指生活習慣,后接to do;habit指生活習慣,習慣成自然,后接of doing。 如:I’ve got the habit of drinking a lot.
13. cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事實或現象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth.;reason用來解釋某種現象或結果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth., 如:the reason for being late。
14. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise指運動、鍛煉(不可數),exercises指練習(可數),practice指(反復做的)練習。如:Practice makes perfect.
15. class, lesson
作“課”解時,兩者可以替換;指課文用lesson,指班級或全體學生用class,如:lesson 6; class 5。
16. speech, talk, lecture
speech指在公共場所所做的經過準備的較正式的演說,talk指日常生活中的一般的談話、講話,lecture指學術性的演講、講課,如:a series of lecture on…
17. officer, official
officer指部隊的軍官,official指政府官員,如:an army officer 。
18. work, job
二者均指工作,work不可數,job可數,如:a good job。
19. couple, pair
couple主要指人或動物,pair多指由兩部分組成的東西,如:a pair of trousers。
20. country, nation, state, land
country側重指版圖、疆域,nation指人民、國民、民族,state側重指政府、政體,land指國土、國家。如:The whole nation was sad at the news.
21. cook, cooker
cook指廚師,cooker指廚具,如:He is a good cook.
22. damage, damages
damage是不可數名詞,指損害、損失;damages為復數形式,指賠償金,如:$900 damages。
23. police, policeman
police是警察的總稱,后接復數謂語動詞;policeman 指某個具體的警察。如:The police are questioning everyone in the house.
24. problem, question
problem常和困難連系,前面的動詞常為think about, solve, raise;question常和疑問連系,多和ask, answer連用。
25. man, a man
man指人類,a man指一個男人。如:Man will conquer nature.