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從句一直深受高考的青睞,一直是很多同學(xué)做完型和閱讀題型的老大難問題,雖然考的多,但總有同學(xué)被它弄得暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向。今天給大家分享的是同位語從句,一起來學(xué)習(xí)一下吧~
在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)同位語的名詞性從句稱為同位語從句。一個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)對另一個(gè)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明,這個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。
1.用法
同位語從句一般跟在某些名詞后面,用以說明該名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容。
I heard the news that our team had won.我聽到了我們隊(duì)獲勝的消息。
①可以跟同位語從句的抽象名詞通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,word(消息),possibility等。
I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.
我從王先生那里來,他讓我告訴你他今天下午不能來看你了。
②在某些名詞表“建議,命令,要求等”(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位語從句要用虛擬語氣 (即should+動(dòng)詞原形;should可省)。
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.
有一項(xiàng)建議是布朗應(yīng)該離隊(duì)。
③同位語從句前名詞的數(shù):同位語從句前的名詞通常用單數(shù)形式,并且往往帶有限定詞(word除外)加以修飾。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪兒聽說我不能來?
2.連詞
英語中引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞通有that,whether,連接代詞what,who,連接副詞how, when, where等。(注:if, which 不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。)
(1)連詞that引導(dǎo)同位語從句(注:引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that不能省略)
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.
你認(rèn)為不動(dòng)腦筋就能做好這件工作的想法是完全錯(cuò)誤的。(作idea的同位語)
【注意】引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞that通常不省略。
(2)連詞whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句(注:if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句)
The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.
我們是否請專家由家庭醫(yī)生來定。
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.
他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個(gè)問題。
(3)其它引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句
A.連接代詞
what, who, whom, whose引導(dǎo)同位語從句
I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿幾號(hào)的鞋。(what作定語)
The question who will take his place is still not clear.(who作主語)
B.連接副詞
when, where, how, why 引導(dǎo)同位語從句
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪兒去度暑假,這個(gè)問題我們還沒有決定。
l have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。
My question how I shall get in touch with him has not been answered.
3.分隔式同位語從句
有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面,而被別的詞隔開。在語法上叫做分隔式同位語從句。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.
他突然想起可能敵人已經(jīng)逃出城了。
Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them. 幾年以后,有消息傳來說拿破侖要親自視察他們。