時態語態 主動被動

一般式 to doto be done

進行式 to be doing

完成式 to have done to have been done

完成進行式 to have been doing

1) 現在時：一般現在時表示的動詞，有時與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生，有時發生在謂語動詞的動作之后。

He seems to know this.

I hope to see you again. = I hope that I’ll see you again.我希望再見到你。

2) 完成時：表示的動作發生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。

I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble.

He seems to have caught a cold.

3) 進行時： 表示動作正在進行，與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生。

He seems to be eating something.

4) 完成進行時：

She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.