健康一直是人們關注的問題，尤其是很多人，在午飯后經常會小睡，這種情況對身體健康是否有益呢。今天滬江英語為大家整理了常在白天小睡患高血壓和中風風險更高，一起來閱讀一下吧。
People who often nap have a greater chance of developing high blood pressure and having a stroke, a large new study has found.
一項最新的大規模研究發現，經常小憩的人患高血壓和中風風險更高。
"This may be because, although taking a nap itself is not harmful, many people who take naps may do so because of poor sleep at night. Poor sleep at night is associated with poorer health, and naps are not enough to make up for that," said clinical psychologist Michael Grandner in a statement. Grandner directs the Behavioral Sleep Medicine Clinic at the Banner-University Medical Center in Tucson, Arizona, and was not involved in the study.
臨床心理學家邁克爾·格蘭德納聲稱：“這可能是因為，盡管小憩本身并沒有危害，但許多人小憩可能是因為夜間睡眠不佳。夜間睡眠不佳往往與健康狀況較差有關，小憩不足以改善健康狀況。”格蘭德納是亞利桑那州圖森市班納大學醫學中心行為睡眠醫學診所主任，他沒有參與這項研究。
Study participants who typically napped during the day were 12% more likely to develop high blood pressure over time and were 24% more likely to have a stroke compared with people who never napped.
與從不小睡的人相比，白天經常小睡的人隨著時間的推移患高血壓的可能性增加12%，中風的可能性增加24%。
If the person was younger than age 60, napping most days raised the risk of developing high blood pressure by 20% compared with people who never or rarely nap, according to the study published Monday in Hypertension, an American Heart Association journal. The AHA recently added sleep duration as one of its eight essential metrics to optimal heart and brain health.
7月25日發表在美國心臟協會雜志《高血壓》上的一項研究稱，在60歲以下人群中，經常小憩者患高血壓的風險比從不小憩或很少小憩的人增加20%。美國心臟協會最近新增睡眠時間作為最佳心腦健康的八個基本指標之一。
The results held true even after researchers excluded people at high risk for hypertension, such as those with type 2 diabetes, existing high blood pressure, high cholesterol, sleep disorders and who did night-shift work.
即使研究人員排除了高血壓高危人群，如患2型糖尿病、高血壓、高膽固醇、睡眠障礙和夜班工作的人群，研究結論仍然成立。
"The results demonstrate that napping increases the incidence of hypertension and stroke, after adjusting or considering many variables known to be associated with risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke," said Dr. Phyllis Zee, director of the Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago.
位于芝加哥的西北大學范伯格醫學院晝夜節律和睡眠醫學中心主任菲利斯·澤伊博士稱：“研究結果表明，在調整或考慮了許多已知與心血管疾病和中風風險相關的變量后，小睡會增加高血壓和中風的發病率。”
"From a clinical standpoint, I think it highlights the importance for health care providers to routinely ask patients about napping and excessive daytime sleepiness and evaluate for other contributing conditions to potentially modify the risk for cardiovascular disease," said Zee, who was not involved in the study.
澤伊稱：“從臨床角度來看，我認為這說明醫療服務提供者有必要定期詢問患者小憩和白天過度嗜睡的情況，并評估其他可能影響心血管疾病患病風險的因素。”
The study used data from 360,000 participants who had given information on their napping habits to the UK Biobank, a large biomedical database and research resource that followed UK residents from 2006 to 2010.
該研究數據來自36萬名研究對象，他們向英國生物銀行提供了關于自己小憩習慣的信息。英國生物銀行是一家大型生物醫學數據庫和研究資源庫，從2006年到2010年對英國居民進行追蹤研究。
People in the UK study provided blood, urine and saliva samples on a regular basis, and answered questions on napping four times over the four year study. However, the study only collected nap frequency, not duration, and relied on self-reports of napping, a limitation due to imperfect recall.
在這項為期四年的研究中，研究對象定期提供血液、尿液和唾液樣本，并回答了四次關于小憩的問題。然而，該研究只收集了小憩頻率，而未關注睡眠持續時間，并僅憑研究對象自述，這種方式存在局限性，因為可能出現記憶偏差。
"They didn’t define what a nap should be. If you’re going to be sleeping for an hour, two hours, for example, that’s not really a nap," said sleep specialist Dr. Raj Dasgupta, an associate professor of clinical medicine at the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California.
南加州大學凱克醫學中心臨床醫學副教授、睡眠專家拉吉·達斯古塔博士稱：“他們沒有定義什么是小憩。例如，如果你要睡一兩個小時，那就不是真正的小憩。”
"A refreshing power nap that’s 15 to 20 minutes around noon to 2 pm is 100% the way to go if you’re sleep deprived," said Dasgupta, who was not involved in the study. "If you have chronic insomnia we don’t encourage napping because it takes away the drive to sleep at night."
達斯古塔稱：“如果你睡眠不足，那么在中午到下午2點左右小睡15到20分鐘，提個神是完全可以的。如果你患有慢性失眠癥，我們不鼓勵你小睡，因為這么做會讓你晚上失去入睡的動力。”達斯古塔沒有參與這項研究。
Most of the people in the study who took regular naps smoked cigarettes, drank daily, snored, had insomnia and reported being an evening person.
在研究中，經常小睡的大多數人吸煙、每天喝酒、打鼾、失眠，并且聲稱自己是夜貓子。
Many of these factors could impact a person’s quality and quantity of slumber, Dasgupta said. Poor sleep causes "excessive daytime fatigue which can result in excessive napping during the day," he said.
達斯古塔稱，以上許多因素可能會影響睡眠質量和時間，睡眠不足會導致“白天過度疲勞，導致白天嗜睡”。
"I do believe napping is a warning sign of an underlying sleep disorder in certain individuals," he added. "Sleep disorders are linked to an increase in stress and weight regulation hormones which can lead to obesity, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes -- all risk factors for heart disease."
達斯古塔還表示：“我確實認為，小睡是某些人可能存在睡眠障礙的警告信號。睡眠障礙與壓力和體重調節激素的增加有關，這些激素可能導致肥胖、高血壓、2型糖尿病——所有這些都是心臟病的風險因素。”
健康的身體是一切的基礎，對于重視身體健康的人來說，平時要注意多運動，多提升。有了健康為基礎，大家才能夠更有精力的去提升文化知識，尤其是英語。不過在學習英語的過程中，如果有任何的問題，可以咨詢滬江英語的老師。
