健康一直是人們關(guān)注的問(wèn)題，尤其是很多人，在午飯后經(jīng)常會(huì)小睡，這種情況對(duì)身體健康是否有益呢。今天滬江英語(yǔ)為大家整理了常在白天小睡患高血壓和中風(fēng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高，一起來(lái)閱讀一下吧。
People who often nap have a greater chance of developing high blood pressure and having a stroke, a large new study has found.
一項(xiàng)最新的大規(guī)模研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)常小憩的人患高血壓和中風(fēng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高。
"This may be because, although taking a nap itself is not harmful, many people who take naps may do so because of poor sleep at night. Poor sleep at night is associated with poorer health, and naps are not enough to make up for that," said clinical psychologist Michael Grandner in a statement. Grandner directs the Behavioral Sleep Medicine Clinic at the Banner-University Medical Center in Tucson, Arizona, and was not involved in the study.
臨床心理學(xué)家邁克爾·格蘭德納聲稱：“這可能是因?yàn)椋M管小憩本身并沒(méi)有危害，但許多人小憩可能是因?yàn)橐归g睡眠不佳。夜間睡眠不佳往往與健康狀況較差有關(guān)，小憩不足以改善健康狀況。”格蘭德納是亞利桑那州圖森市班納大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心行為睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)診所主任，他沒(méi)有參與這項(xiàng)研究。
Study participants who typically napped during the day were 12% more likely to develop high blood pressure over time and were 24% more likely to have a stroke compared with people who never napped.
與從不小睡的人相比，白天經(jīng)常小睡的人隨著時(shí)間的推移患高血壓的可能性增加12%，中風(fēng)的可能性增加24%。
If the person was younger than age 60, napping most days raised the risk of developing high blood pressure by 20% compared with people who never or rarely nap, according to the study published Monday in Hypertension, an American Heart Association journal. The AHA recently added sleep duration as one of its eight essential metrics to optimal heart and brain health.
7月25日發(fā)表在美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)雜志《高血壓》上的一項(xiàng)研究稱，在60歲以下人群中，經(jīng)常小憩者患高血壓的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比從不小憩或很少小憩的人增加20%。美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)最近新增睡眠時(shí)間作為最佳心腦健康的八個(gè)基本指標(biāo)之一。
The results held true even after researchers excluded people at high risk for hypertension, such as those with type 2 diabetes, existing high blood pressure, high cholesterol, sleep disorders and who did night-shift work.
即使研究人員排除了高血壓高危人群，如患2型糖尿病、高血壓、高膽固醇、睡眠障礙和夜班工作的人群，研究結(jié)論仍然成立。
"The results demonstrate that napping increases the incidence of hypertension and stroke, after adjusting or considering many variables known to be associated with risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke," said Dr. Phyllis Zee, director of the Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago.
位于芝加哥的西北大學(xué)范伯格醫(yī)學(xué)院晝夜節(jié)律和睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)中心主任菲利斯·澤伊博士稱：“研究結(jié)果表明，在調(diào)整或考慮了許多已知與心血管疾病和中風(fēng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān)的變量后，小睡會(huì)增加高血壓和中風(fēng)的發(fā)病率。”
"From a clinical standpoint, I think it highlights the importance for health care providers to routinely ask patients about napping and excessive daytime sleepiness and evaluate for other contributing conditions to potentially modify the risk for cardiovascular disease," said Zee, who was not involved in the study.
澤伊稱：“從臨床角度來(lái)看，我認(rèn)為這說(shuō)明醫(yī)療服務(wù)提供者有必要定期詢問(wèn)患者小憩和白天過(guò)度嗜睡的情況，并評(píng)估其他可能影響心血管疾病患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的因素。”
The study used data from 360,000 participants who had given information on their napping habits to the UK Biobank, a large biomedical database and research resource that followed UK residents from 2006 to 2010.
該研究數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)自36萬(wàn)名研究對(duì)象，他們向英國(guó)生物銀行提供了關(guān)于自己小憩習(xí)慣的信息。英國(guó)生物銀行是一家大型生物醫(yī)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和研究資源庫(kù)，從2006年到2010年對(duì)英國(guó)居民進(jìn)行追蹤研究。
People in the UK study provided blood, urine and saliva samples on a regular basis, and answered questions on napping four times over the four year study. However, the study only collected nap frequency, not duration, and relied on self-reports of napping, a limitation due to imperfect recall.
在這項(xiàng)為期四年的研究中，研究對(duì)象定期提供血液、尿液和唾液樣本，并回答了四次關(guān)于小憩的問(wèn)題。然而，該研究只收集了小憩頻率，而未關(guān)注睡眠持續(xù)時(shí)間，并僅憑研究對(duì)象自述，這種方式存在局限性，因?yàn)榭赡艹霈F(xiàn)記憶偏差。
"They didn’t define what a nap should be. If you’re going to be sleeping for an hour, two hours, for example, that’s not really a nap," said sleep specialist Dr. Raj Dasgupta, an associate professor of clinical medicine at the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California.
南加州大學(xué)凱克醫(yī)學(xué)中心臨床醫(yī)學(xué)副教授、睡眠專家拉吉·達(dá)斯古塔博士稱：“他們沒(méi)有定義什么是小憩。例如，如果你要睡一兩個(gè)小時(shí)，那就不是真正的小憩。”
"A refreshing power nap that’s 15 to 20 minutes around noon to 2 pm is 100% the way to go if you’re sleep deprived," said Dasgupta, who was not involved in the study. "If you have chronic insomnia we don’t encourage napping because it takes away the drive to sleep at night."
達(dá)斯古塔稱：“如果你睡眠不足，那么在中午到下午2點(diǎn)左右小睡15到20分鐘，提個(gè)神是完全可以的。如果你患有慢性失眠癥，我們不鼓勵(lì)你小睡，因?yàn)檫@么做會(huì)讓你晚上失去入睡的動(dòng)力。”達(dá)斯古塔沒(méi)有參與這項(xiàng)研究。
Most of the people in the study who took regular naps smoked cigarettes, drank daily, snored, had insomnia and reported being an evening person.
在研究中，經(jīng)常小睡的大多數(shù)人吸煙、每天喝酒、打鼾、失眠，并且聲稱自己是夜貓子。
Many of these factors could impact a person’s quality and quantity of slumber, Dasgupta said. Poor sleep causes "excessive daytime fatigue which can result in excessive napping during the day," he said.
達(dá)斯古塔稱，以上許多因素可能會(huì)影響睡眠質(zhì)量和時(shí)間，睡眠不足會(huì)導(dǎo)致“白天過(guò)度疲勞，導(dǎo)致白天嗜睡”。
"I do believe napping is a warning sign of an underlying sleep disorder in certain individuals," he added. "Sleep disorders are linked to an increase in stress and weight regulation hormones which can lead to obesity, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes -- all risk factors for heart disease."
達(dá)斯古塔還表示：“我確實(shí)認(rèn)為，小睡是某些人可能存在睡眠障礙的警告信號(hào)。睡眠障礙與壓力和體重調(diào)節(jié)激素的增加有關(guān)，這些激素可能導(dǎo)致肥胖、高血壓、2型糖尿病——所有這些都是心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。”
健康的身體是一切的基礎(chǔ)，對(duì)于重視身體健康的人來(lái)說(shuō)，平時(shí)要注意多運(yùn)動(dòng)，多提升。有了健康為基礎(chǔ)，大家才能夠更有精力的去提升文化知識(shí)，尤其是英語(yǔ)。不過(guò)在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中，如果有任何的問(wèn)題，可以咨詢滬江英語(yǔ)的老師。
