国产一二三四五路线-国产一级高清-国产一级毛片卡-国产一级毛片一区二区三区-中文字幕在线视频播放-中文字幕在线高清

您好!歡迎訪問忙推網! 字典 詞典 詩詞
首頁 教育 英語美文欣賞:什么是啟蒙

英語美文欣賞:什么是啟蒙

時間:2024-07-20 00:37:08 來源:網絡 作者:mrcsb 人氣:14177
【導讀】:What Is EnlightenmentEnlightenment is man's leaving his self-caused immaturity. Immaturity is the incapacity to use one's intelligence without the guida...

What Is Enlightenment

Enlightenment is man's leaving his self-caused immaturity. Immaturity is the incapacity to use one's intelligence without the guidance of another.

Such immaturity is self-caused if it is not caused by lack of intelligence, but by lack of determination and courage to use one's intelligence without being guided by another. Have the courage to use your own intelligence! is therefore the motto of the Enlightenment.

Through laziness and cowardice a large part of mankind, even after nature has freed them from alien guidance, gladly remain immature. It is because of laziness and cowardice that it is so easy for others to usurp the role of guardians. It is so comfortable to be a minor! If I have a book which provides meaning for me, a pastor who has conscience for me, a doctor who will judge my diet for me and so on, then I do not need to exert myself. I do not have any need to think; if I can pay, others will take over the tedious job for me. The guardians who have kindly undertaken the supervision will see to it that by far the largest part of mankind, including the entire "beautiful sex," should consider the step into maturity, not only as difficult but as very dangerous.

After having made their domestic animals dumb and having carefully prevented these quiet creatures from daring to take any step beyond the lead-strings to which they have fastened them, these guardians then show them the danger which threatens them, should they attempt to walk alone. Now this danger is not really so very great; for they would presumably learn to walk after some stumbling. However, an example of this kind intimidates and frightens people out of all further attempts.

It is difficult for the isolated individual to work himself out of the immaturity which has become almost natural for him. He has even become fond of it and for the time being is incapable of employing his own intelligence, because he has never been allowed to make the attempt. Statues and formulas, these mechanical tools of a serviceable use, or rather misuse, of his natural faculties, are the ankle-chains of a continuous immaturity. Whoever threw it off would make an uncertain jump over the smallest trench because he is not accustomed to such free movement. Therefore there are only a few who have pursued a firm path and have succeeded in escaping from immaturity by their own cultivation of the mind.

But it is more nearly possible for a public to enlighten itself: this is even inescapable if only the public is given its freedom. For there will always be some people who think for themselves, even among the self-appointed guardians of the great mass who, after having thrown off the yoke of immaturity themselves, will spread about them the spirit of a reasonable estimate of their own value and of the need for every man to think for himself...

文章標簽:
    英語學習,英語閱讀
相關推薦

版權聲明:

1、本文系會員投稿或轉載自網絡,版權歸原作者所有,旨在傳遞信息,不代表看本站的觀點和立場;

2、本站僅提供信息展示,不承擔相關法律責任;

3、若侵犯您的版權或隱私,請聯系本站管理員刪除。

字典 詞典 成語 古詩 造句 英語
主站蜘蛛池模板: 国产日韩欧美在线 | 日韩欧美国产亚洲 | 1204国产成人精品视频 | 欧美a欧美| 国产视频二 | 一区二区三区免费视频播放器 | 久久成人免费播放网站 | 成人自拍小视频 | 欧美日韩一级片在线观看 | 一区精品视频 | 亚洲精品色综合色在线观看 | 欧洲免费无线码二区5 | 国产成人亚洲精品老王 | 欧美色欧美亚洲高清在线视频 | 亚洲成人第一页 | 欧美日韩一区二区不卡三区 | 黄色毛片播放 | 中日韩欧美一级毛片 | 成人一级黄色片 | 色婷婷91 | 亚洲国产日韩综合久久精品 | 99久久精品6在线播放 | 精品国产三级a在线观看 | 黄到让你下面湿的视频 | 伊大人香蕉久久网 | 欧美成人性色大片在线观看 | 亚洲国产二区三区久久 | 国产成人v视频在线观看 | 中文在线亚洲 | 精品国产成人高清在线 | 午夜美女久久久久爽久久 | 99在线视频观看 | 免费一级毛片在线播放欧美 | 请看一下欧美一级毛片 | 久草视频手机在线观看 | 亚洲自偷 | 久久久久国产 | 性生话一级国产片 | 欧美一级片在线免费观看 | 欧美激情精品久久久久久久久久 | 国产毛片一级 |