国产一二三四五路线-国产一级高清-国产一级毛片卡-国产一级毛片一区二区三区-中文字幕在线视频播放-中文字幕在线高清

您好!歡迎訪問忙推網(wǎng)! 字典 詞典 詩詞
首頁 教育 英語美文欣賞:什么是啟蒙

英語美文欣賞:什么是啟蒙

時間:2024-07-20 00:37:08 來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò) 作者:mrcsb 人氣:14177
【導(dǎo)讀】:What Is EnlightenmentEnlightenment is man's leaving his self-caused immaturity. Immaturity is the incapacity to use one's intelligence without the guida...

What Is Enlightenment

Enlightenment is man's leaving his self-caused immaturity. Immaturity is the incapacity to use one's intelligence without the guidance of another.

Such immaturity is self-caused if it is not caused by lack of intelligence, but by lack of determination and courage to use one's intelligence without being guided by another. Have the courage to use your own intelligence! is therefore the motto of the Enlightenment.

Through laziness and cowardice a large part of mankind, even after nature has freed them from alien guidance, gladly remain immature. It is because of laziness and cowardice that it is so easy for others to usurp the role of guardians. It is so comfortable to be a minor! If I have a book which provides meaning for me, a pastor who has conscience for me, a doctor who will judge my diet for me and so on, then I do not need to exert myself. I do not have any need to think; if I can pay, others will take over the tedious job for me. The guardians who have kindly undertaken the supervision will see to it that by far the largest part of mankind, including the entire "beautiful sex," should consider the step into maturity, not only as difficult but as very dangerous.

After having made their domestic animals dumb and having carefully prevented these quiet creatures from daring to take any step beyond the lead-strings to which they have fastened them, these guardians then show them the danger which threatens them, should they attempt to walk alone. Now this danger is not really so very great; for they would presumably learn to walk after some stumbling. However, an example of this kind intimidates and frightens people out of all further attempts.

It is difficult for the isolated individual to work himself out of the immaturity which has become almost natural for him. He has even become fond of it and for the time being is incapable of employing his own intelligence, because he has never been allowed to make the attempt. Statues and formulas, these mechanical tools of a serviceable use, or rather misuse, of his natural faculties, are the ankle-chains of a continuous immaturity. Whoever threw it off would make an uncertain jump over the smallest trench because he is not accustomed to such free movement. Therefore there are only a few who have pursued a firm path and have succeeded in escaping from immaturity by their own cultivation of the mind.

But it is more nearly possible for a public to enlighten itself: this is even inescapable if only the public is given its freedom. For there will always be some people who think for themselves, even among the self-appointed guardians of the great mass who, after having thrown off the yoke of immaturity themselves, will spread about them the spirit of a reasonable estimate of their own value and of the need for every man to think for himself...

文章標簽:
    英語學(xué)習(xí),英語閱讀
相關(guān)推薦

版權(quán)聲明:

1、本文系會員投稿或轉(zhuǎn)載自網(wǎng)絡(luò),版權(quán)歸原作者所有,旨在傳遞信息,不代表看本站的觀點和立場;

2、本站僅提供信息展示,不承擔(dān)相關(guān)法律責(zé)任;

3、若侵犯您的版權(quán)或隱私,請聯(lián)系本站管理員刪除。

字典 詞典 成語 古詩 造句 英語
主站蜘蛛池模板: 久久伊人成人网 | 日韩美女一级毛片a | 久久久综合结合狠狠狠97色 | 日韩国产欧美在线观看 | 欧美久久久久久久一区二区三区 | 国产精品国产三级国产专区5o | freexxxx性特大另类ww | 好看的看黄a大片爽爽影院 好男人天堂网 | 国产国语高清在线视频二区 | 色伊人国产高清在线 | 成人女人a毛片在线看 | 免费ab | 成年免费网站 | 综合亚洲欧美日韩一区二区 | 亚洲理论片在线中文字幕 | 韩国一级片视频 | 亚洲精品日韩专区在线观看 | 成年人黄色免费网站 | 国产手机在线小视频免费观看 | 国产乱码一区二区三区四川人 | 国产亚洲一区二区精品 | 欧美午夜精品久久久久免费视 | 欧美成人精品欧美一级乱黄 | 91亚洲国产成人久久精品网址 | 日韩一区二区不卡 | 欧美日韩免费一区二区三区 | a级毛片毛片免费观看久潮喷 | 成人精品一区二区久久久 | 日韩18在线观看地址 | 国产成人精品免费视频网页大全 | 美国一级片在线观看 | 中文一级国产特级毛片视频 | 欧美一级毛片大片免费播放 | 久久国产精品一国产精品 | 国产精品国产三级国产a | 国产一区二| 精品视频在线观看一区二区三区 | 亚洲一级毛片在线播放 | 久久久久久久亚洲精品一区 | 久久久久国产一级毛片高清板 | 欧美高清视频在线观看 |